Mm Chapter 5. Airway Management

Front 1

continued deflation of the anesthesia reservoir bag when the adjustable pressure-limiting valve is closed, usually indicates

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a substantial leak around the mask.

Front 2

the generation of high breathing-circuit pressures with minimal chest movement and breath sounds implies

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implies an obstructed airway.

Front 3

The laryngeal mask airway partially protects the larynx from pharyngeal secretions (but not gastric regurgitation), and it should remain in place until

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has regained airway reflexes.

Front 4

The earliest manifestation of bronchial intubation is an

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increase in peak inspiratory pressure

Front 5

the most reliable method for conformation of intubation

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analysis of exhaled gas for the presence of CO2 (the most reliable method),

Front 6

Clues to the diagnosis of bronchial intubation include
4X

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include unilateral breath sounds,
unexpected hypoxia with pulse oximetry (unreliable with high inspired oxygen concentrations),
inability to palpate the TT cuff in the sternal notch during cuff inflation,
and decreased breathing-bag compliance (high peak inspiratory pressures).

Front 7

The large negative intrathoracic pressures generated by a struggling patient in laryngospasm can result in the development of

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negative-pressure pulmonary edema even in healthy young adults.

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the mouth, which leads to

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oropharynx (pars oralis).

Front 9

the nose, which leads to

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nasopharynx (pars nasalis),

Front 10

The larynx is composed of ________ cartilages

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nine

Front 11

The larynx is composed of nine cartilages

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arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform

Front 12

The sensory supply to the upper airway is derived from the

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cranial nerves

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nerve that provides sensation to the airway below the epiglottis.

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The vagus nerve (the tenth cranial nerve)

Front 14

The __________ nerve also innervates the roof of the pharynx, the tonsils, and the undersurface of the soft palate.

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glossopharyngeal

Front 15

The muscles of the larynx are innervated by the

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recurrent laryngeal nerve with the exception of the cricothyroid muscle, which is innervated by the external (motor) laryngeal nerve, a branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.

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posterior cricoarytenoid muscles
___________ the vocal cords

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abduct

Front 17

lateral cricoarytenoid muscles are the principal ___________

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adductors

Front 18

Assuming intact superior laryngeal nerves, acute bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy can result in

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stridor and respiratory distress because of the remaining unopposed tension of the cricothyroid muscles.

Front 19

The earliest manifestation of bronchial intubation is

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an increase in peak inspiratory pressure

Front 20

most common cause of malpractice claims against anesthesiologists

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tooth damage

Front 21

Inflation of a TT cuff to the minimum pressure that creates a seal during routine positive-pressure ventilation (usually at least 20 mm Hg) reduces tracheal blood flow by

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75% at the cuff site

Front 22

Neck extension or lateral rotation moves a TT ______ from the carina, whereas neck flexion moves the tube _____ the carina

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away

toward

Front 23

Laryngospasm is a forceful involuntary spasm of the laryngeal musculature caused by sensory stimulation of the

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superior laryngeal nerve.

Front 24

Cardiac dysrhythmias—particularly ventricular bigeminy—are not uncommon during intubation and usually indicate

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indicate light anesthesia.