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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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outsiders transform meanings of cultural products
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co-optation
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-many possibilities compete for adoption
- possibilities reduced from conception to consumption |
cultural selection
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individuals and organizations responsible for creating and marketing a cultural product
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culture production systems (CPS)
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an object of aesthetic contemplation without any functional value
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art product
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admired because of the beauty with which it performs some function
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craft product
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- we assume that the rich have culture but the poor do not
- today high and low culture blend together in interesting ways |
high art vs. low art
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- elements of popular culture converted for use as promotional vehicles
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reality engineering
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media's distorting perceptions of reality
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cultivation hypothesis
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insertion of products/brand names in movie/TV
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product placement
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online games merge with interactive advertisements
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advergamin
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any product or service perceived to be new
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innovation
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new product, service, or idea spreads through a population
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diffusion of innovations
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modification of existing product
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continuous innovation
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more pronounced change in an existing product
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dynamically continuous innovation
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creates major changes in the way we live
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discontinuous innovation
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compatible with lifestyle
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compatibility
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more likely to adopt if able to experiment
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trialability
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low in complexity
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complexity
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easily observable more likely to spread
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observability
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offer advantage over alternatives
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relative advantage
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- people and organizations involved in creating symbolic meaning and transferring meanings to cultural goods
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fashion system
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consumers can interpret the same item differently
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context-dependent
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upscale consumers deliberately adopt formerly low-status or inexpensive products and stores
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parody display
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high prices create high demand
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prestige-exclusivity effect
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lower prices reduce demand
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snob effect
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- conflicting forces that drive fashion change
- first: subordinate groups adopt the status symbols of the groups above them - second: superordinate groups look at subordinate groups to make sure they are not imitated |
trickle-down theory
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media permits groups to become aware of a style at the same time
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mass fashion
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fashions diffuse among members of the same social group
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trickle-across effect
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fashions originate with the lower class first
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trickle-up effect
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very short lived fashion
- non utilitarian - adopted on impulse - diffuses rapidly |
fad
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commonalities across cultures
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etic perspective
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variations across cultures
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emic perspective
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distinctive set of behavior and personality characteristics
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national character
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different interpreter retranslates a translated ad back into its original language
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back translation
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culture tends to flow from stronger nations to weaker ones (wealthier, freer, and more advanced)
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diffusion of consumer culture
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sharing the ideal of a material lifestyle and value brands that symbolize prosperity
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globalized consumption ethic
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country that is struggling with adaptation from a controlled, centralized economy to a free-market
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transitional economies
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foreign influences absorbed and integrated with local meeting
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creolization
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