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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What class of drugs are glyburide, glipizide and slimepiride?
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Sulfonylureas
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Risks/Concerns of sulfonylureas
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weight gain, hypoglycemia + cannot use in renal failure
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How do sulfonylureas work
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bind to beta cells to stimulate insulin release - have a long duration of action
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What class of drug are Repaglinide and Nateglinide?
a) DPP-IV inhibitors b) glinides (meglitinides) c) Incretin modulators |
b) glinides (meglitinides)
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How to glinides (meglitinides) repaglinide and nateglinide work?
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non sulfonylurea secretagogue - also bind insulin receptor to cause insulin release. Shorter duration of action
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Problems with glinides (meglitinides) repaglinide and nateglinide??
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weight gain, hypoglycemia, expensive, new, multiple day dosing so compliance is an issue
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Name the biguanide (1)
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Metformin
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How does Metformin work?
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decreases hepatic glucose production
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What class of drug are acarbose and miglitol?
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alpha-glucosidease inhibitors
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How to alpha-glucosidase inhibitors work?
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retard gut carbohydrate absorption
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What class of drug are rosiglitazone and pioglitazone?
a) sulfonylurea b) glinide c) thiazolidinedione |
c) thiazolidinedione
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Hwo to the thiazolidinediones Rosiglitazone and Pioglitazone work?
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activate nuclear receptor PPAR-gamma, which increases peripheral insulin sensitivity
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What are the (2) concerning side effects of thiazolidinediones rosiglitazone and pioglitazone?
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edema and heart failure risk, also weight gain
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What class drug is Pramlintide?
a) amylinomimetic b) alpha-glucosidase inhibitor c) thiazolidinedione |
a) amylinomimetic
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How does the amylinomimetic pramlintide work?
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activates amylin receptors, decreases glucagon secretion, delays gastric emptying and enhances satiety
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Risks with amylinemimetic pramlintide
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hypoglycemia risk when used with insulin
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Name the GLP-1 mimetic
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exenatide
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How does the GLP-1 memitic exenatide work?
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It activates GLP-1 receptors which decrease glucagone secretion and also increase glucose=dependent insulin secretion
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How does sitagliptin work?
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it is a DPP-IV inhibitor. It inhibits degredation of GLP-1 and GIP thereby enhancing the effects of these incretins on insulin and glucagon secretion
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Side effect of bile acid sequestrant Colesevelam?
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Constipation
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