Mksap 15 Hem/onc Q&a

Front 1

proteosome inhibitor, is active against relapsed and refractory myeloma

Back 1

bortezomib

Front 2

common side effect of bortezomib therapy

Back 2

peripheral neuropathy

Front 3

what is POEMS syndrome?

Back 3

rare plasma cell dyscrasia associated with polyneuropathy, organomegaly (hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and LAD), endocrinopathy ( hypogonadism), monoclonal gammopathy, and skin manifestations (hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, acrocyanosis, plethora, hemangiomas, and/or telangiectasia)

Front 4

function of G6PD

Back 4

necessary for generating adequate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase (NADPH) to prevent oxidant stress

Front 5

goal of therapeutic phlebotomy (in PV)

Back 5

<45% in men and <42% for women

Front 6

use of anagrelide

Back 6

treatment of essential thrombocytosis, may be helpful in PV if hydroxyurea ineffective

Front 7

when to use hydroxyurea in PV

Back 7

patients who cannot tolerate phlebotomy or do not respond to this procedure or who have marked thrombocytosis

Front 8

vW disease, lab findings

Back 8

qualitative platelet defect (prolonged bleeding time) and mild coagulopathy (borderling elevated aPTT and low F8 level)

Front 9

why does vW disease persent with both platelet and coagulation defect?

Back 9

von Willebrand factor (vWF), supports platelet adhesion and also serves as a carrier protein for factor VIII

Front 10

diagnosis of vW disease

Back 10

measure vWF antigen level and activity

Front 11

conditions associated with Vit K deficiency

Back 11

receiving TPN, long term ABx, malnourished

Front 12

third line treatment of ITP if steroids failed and refusing splenectomy

Back 12

IVIg or anti-D immunoglobulin

Front 13

what causes TRALI?

Back 13

severe reaction from donor antileukocyte antibodies that react with the patient’s leukocytes

Front 14

pathophysiology of TRALI

Back 14

antibody-mediated activation of leukocytes causes leukocyte aggregates to become trapped in the pulmonary capillary bed, leading to neutrophil degranulation, alveolitis, or noncardiogenic pulmonary edema that often progresses to acute respiratory distress syndrome

Front 15

pathophysiology of CML

Back 15

balanced translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 [t(9;22) the Philadelphia chromosome] creating a unique gene designated BCR-ABL

Front 16

blast crisis in CML

Back 16

blast count greater than 20%

Front 17

tyrosine kinase inhibitor that can lead to a complete cytogenetic remission in 70% of patients with CML

Back 17

imatinib

Front 18

curative for CML

Back 18

HSCT, but associated with significant M&M

Front 19

indications for leukapheresis

Back 19

control the leukocytosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia when the blast count is greater than 50,000/µL (50 × 109/L)

Front 20

low serum iron concentration and low total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) with an elevated serum ferritin concentration

Back 20

inflammatory anemia

Front 21

pathophysiology of inflammatory anemia

Back 21

increased levels of the peptide hepcidin, which is produced in the liver and causes decreased iron absorption from the gut and decreased iron release from macrophages. Hepcidin directly affects the iron transporter, ferroportin, and causes internalization of this ion channel

Front 22

PBS in Hb C disease

Back 22

prominent targeting in addition to microcytosis

Front 23

low serum iron concentration, an elevated TIBC, and a decreased serum ferritin concentration

Back 23

iron deficiency

Front 24

what causes PNH?

Back 24

loss of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)–linked proteins on the cell surface. Two such proteins, CD55 and CD59, help reduce erythrocyte sensitivity to complement.

Front 25

test of choice to diagnose PNH

Back 25

flow cytometry

Front 26

a monoclonal antibody to C5, has been reported to offer a sustained response to patients with PNH

Back 26

eculizumab

Front 27

when to start corticosteroids in ITP?

Back 27

patients with ITP who have symptomatic bleeding and platelet counts below 50,000/µL (50 × 109/L) or in those with severe thrombocytopenia and platelet counts below 15,000/µL

Front 28

INR goal in APAS

Back 28

2.5, if resistant disease or recurrence despite therapy, 3.0

Front 29

bone marrow findings in MDS

Back 29

Dysplasia of erythroid, granulocytic, or megakaryocytic lineages in a patient with a hypercellular bone marrow

Front 30

chromosomes affected in MDS

Back 30

chromosomes 3, 5, 7, 8, and 17

Front 31

treatment of MDS

Back 31

lenalidomide

Front 32

S/E of lenalidomide

Back 32

neutropenia

Front 33

where is iron absorbed?

Back 33

proximal small bowel

Front 34

how to prevent stroke recurrence in patients with sickle cell diseases

Back 34

aspirin + monthly transfusions (2units/month)

Front 35

perioperative management of warfarin

Back 35

stop 5 days before, initiate heparin 3 days before procedure, omit LMWH dose evening before procedure, resume both LMWH and warfarin 12-24 hours postoperatively or 36-48 hours if high bleeding risk