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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a mixture?
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Two or more substances that are mixed together but chemically combined.
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What is a homogeneous mixture and an example?
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A mixture where the parts are so evenly mixed that you can't distinguish the different parts. Evenly distributed parts. Example: sugar.
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What is a heterogeneous mixture and an example?
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A mixture where you can see the different parts. Evenly distributed parts. Example: damp soil.
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What is a solution?
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A well-mixed mixture containing a solvent and at least one solute that has the same properties throughout.
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What is a solvent?
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The part of a solution that is present in the largest amount and dissolves a solute.
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What is a solute?
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The part of a solution present in a lesser amount and dissolved by the solvent.
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What is an alloy?
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A mixture made of two or more elements (one must be a metal.)
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What elements are found in brass?
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Zinc and copper.
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What elements could be found in steel?
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Carbon, Iron, Nickel, And Chromium.
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What are the advantages of alloys over pure metals?
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Stronger, less likely to react with water and air.
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What is a concentrated solution?
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A mixture that has a lot of solute dissolved in it.
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What is a dilute solution?
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A mixture that has a lot of solute dissolved in it.
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What is a saturated solution?
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A mixture that contains as much dissolved solute as is possible at a given temperature.
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What is an unsaturated solution?
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A mixture that contains less dissolved solute than is possible at a given temperature.
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What is a supersaturated solution?
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A mixture that has more dissolved solute than is predicted by its solubility at a given temperature.
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How could you make a concentrated solution?
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Increase solute/decrease solvent.
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How could you make a solution dilute?
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Decrease solute/increase solvent.
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What is the universal solvent? Why?
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Water; it dissolved many substances.
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What is solubility?
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A mixture that has more dissolved solute than is predicted by its solubility at a given temperature.
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What are the factors that affect the solubility of a substance?
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Pressure, temperature, and type of solvent.
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How does detergent help clean clothes and dishes?
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What is a colloid?
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A mixture containing small, undissolved particles that do not settle out.
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In a solution, there are no particles larger than a ___________.
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Molecule.
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In a _____________ there are particles larger than a _________, than do not _______ ________ for a long time.
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Colloid/atom/settle out.
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What is a foam made of?
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Gas in a solid.
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What is a gel made of?
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Liquid in a solid.
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What is an emulsion made of?
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Liquid in a liquid.
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What is a sol made of?
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Liquid in a solid gets trapped in a gas (aerosol.)
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What is a suspension?
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A mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by settling or filtration.
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Hard water has _________ particles dissolved into than soft water.
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More.
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What are four ways to separate a mixture?
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Chromatography, distillation, filtration, and evaporation.
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What is neutralization?
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A reaction of an acid with a base, yielding a solution that is not as acidic or basic as the starting solutions were.
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What do acids produce in water?
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Hydrogen ions.
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What do bases produce in water?
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Hydroxide ions.
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Are solutions homogenous or heterogeneous?
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Homogenous, they are the name throughout.
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Are suspensions homogenous or heterogeneous?
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Heterogeneous.
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Are colloids homogenous or heterogeneous?
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Heterogeneous.
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What are the four types of colloids?
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Foam, gel, sol, and emulsion.
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Notes version: What is a solution (four properties.)
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No particles larger than a molecule. Solute dissolves. Particles cannot be filtered. Gas and liquid solutions are clear.
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Notes version: Colloid: There (are/are not) particles larger than an atom that (do/do not) settle out.
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There are particles larger than an atom or ion, that do not settle out for a very long time.
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Notes version: What is a suspension?
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Large particles that settle out.
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Acid+base=
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Salt+water
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What are antacids?
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Bases used to nuetralize stomatch acid by making salt and water.
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