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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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there are 2 main reasons why cells ______ instead of growing continuously. |
divide |
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if the cell grows too large it’ll have trouble moving _____ & ______ across the cell membrane |
nutrients & waste |
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the larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places on ___ |
DNA |
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1st problem ? |
Our DNA has limits |
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The information that a cell needs to function is stored in the ____ |
DNA |
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DNA is packages into _______, one very long linear DNA molecule of 1000’s of genes |
chromosomes |
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each gene is the instructions for making a particular protein that the ____ ____ |
cell needs |
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the cell is constantly making copies of the genes & sending the copies ( in the form of ?) out to the _______ |
RNA ; ribosomes |
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when the cell is small, the info. stored in the cell’s DNA is ______ to meet the needa of the cell. |
adequate |
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as the cell grows TOO large , there’s an “______ _____.” The DNA cant keep up w/ the demands of running a larger cell |
information crisis |
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2nd problem ? |
A growing cell needs more food |
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a cell must take in a constant inflow of ____, _____,& _____ across the membrane |
food , oxygen , & water |
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waste products must constantly be crossing the membrane in order to ______________ |
leave the cell . |
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a larger cell will regenerate much more ____ |
waste |
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as the cell grows, the _____ of the cell increases much more rapidly than the ________ of the cell membrane |
volume ; surface area |
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the membrane surface area is not adequate enough to transport the large quantities of food & water in and waste products out , when the cell is too _____ |
large |
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cell division is the process by which cellular material is divided : |
between 2 new daughter cells |
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the chromosomes are not visible except during ___________ |
CELL DIVISION ( mitosis & cytokinesis ) |
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1 mother cell = __ new daughter cells |
2 |
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each dayghter is ____ the size of the parent cell but immediately begins growing |
half |
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a typical human cell has about __ meters of DNA. Before the cell can divide, all of this DNA must be _____ & then the 2 copies separated so that each daughter cell ends up with a ______________________________. |
2 ; copied ; complete set of DNA |
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each species has a characteristic number of chromosomes in each cell nucleus; humans have ___ pairs |
23 |
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each cell must first ____ its chromosomes before cell division occurs . |
copy |
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each daughter cell gets a _____________ of that info |
complete copy |
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what 2 stages does cell division occur in ? |
mitosis & cytokinesis |
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mitosis : the division of the _______ |
nucleus |
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cytokinesis: the division of the ________ |
cytoplasm |
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at the beginning of cell division, the chromosomes ________ into compact, visible structures that can easily be seen with a microscope |
condense |
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before cell division takes place, each chromosome is _______ or copied |
replicated |
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at the beginning of cell division, each chromosome consists of 2 identical _______________ |
sister chromatids |
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these chromatids are connected at an area called a ________ |
centromere |
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the series of events that cells go through as they grow & divide ? |
the cell cycle |
