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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a histone |
It is what the linear DNA wraps around |
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What are duplicated chromosomes |
2 individual identical DNA double helices (sister chromatids) attached at the centromere |
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Which phases are includes in interphase |
G1, S, G2 |
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Which phases are included in the Mitotic Phase |
mitosis and cytokinesis |
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What occurs in G1 |
the cell grows |
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What occurs in S phase |
The DNA is replicated |
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Which step is the first commited step |
the S phase |
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What happens in G2 |
The cell prepares for mitosis |
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What occurs in prophase |
Chromosomes coil, centrosomes migrate to end poles, and mitotic spindle forms |
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What occurs in Prometaphase |
The nuclear envelope breaks up, microtubules connect to kinechore (protein at the structure of centromere) |
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What occurs in metaphase |
Chromosomes align at equatorial plate |
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What happens in Anaphase |
Kinetochore proteins move chromosomes to opposite poles |
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What happens in Telophase |
Nuclear envelope reforms and chromosomes uncoil |
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What are the 2 mechanisms for cytokinesis |
1. Cleavage formation 2. Cell plate formation |
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What happens in Binary fission |
circular chromosome duplicates, cells separate and elongate, cytoplasm divides |
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What makes 2 chromosomes homologous |
Same length, centromere location, gene loci |
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What makes Prophase 1 unique |
the homologs line up and crossing over occurs |
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How can metaphase 1 contribute to unique daughter cells |
The way pairs orient is random (contributes to independent assortment) |
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What occurs in Anaphase 1 that is unique |
Independent assortment |
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What are the 3 mechanisms for variation |
1. crossing over 2. independent assortment 3. Random fertilization |
