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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chromosomes
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DNA + protein mixed, 1:1 ratio
thread like struct |
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Protein in chromosomes?
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mostly histones
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Euchromatin
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loosely packed, easy to uncoil and transcribe
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Heterochromatin
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condensed, easy to see
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Centromeres
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spindle attachment point
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telomeres
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end of chromosome
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examples of heterochromatin
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centromeres, telomeres
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Chromosome structure:
metacentric |
centromere in middle
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Chromosome structure:
submetacentric |
centromere between middle and near end of chromosome
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Chromosome structure:
acrocentric |
centromere near end of chromosome
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Chromosome structure:
telocentric |
centromere at end of chromosome
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C banding
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detects heterochromatic regions,
Giemsa - staining |
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C banding was developed by
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Pardue and Gall
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Karyotype
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complete set of metaphase chromosomes in a cell
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Karyotype - why metaphase
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most condensed, easiest to see after staining
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Which chromosome is #1?
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The largest
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M phase
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mitotic phase, mitosis + cytokinesis
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Cytokinesis
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division of cytoplase
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Interphase
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stage between mitotic division, includes G1, S1, G2
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G1
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early cell growth, slow
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G0
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some cells enter after G1
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S1
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DNA synthesis, slow, replication of chromosomes into sister chromatids
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G2
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Growth, organelles get ready for mitosis, short
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During G2...
the nucleus |
is well defined, has membrane
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During G2...
nucleoli |
one/more are visible (make ribosomes)
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During G2...
centrioles |
two pairs adjacent to nucleus (formed earlier by replication of original pair),
plural - centrosome |
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During G2...
microtubules |
radiate from centrioles in array (aster)
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During G2...
chromosomes |
duplicated, not condensed
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