Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Binary fission |
Process by which prokaryotes replicate; cell body divides into two identical cells; bacteria |
|
|
|
Human chromosome |
46; 23 identical pair |
|
|
|
Haploid |
One complete set of chromosomes necessary to define an organism |
Humans = 23 |
|
|
Diploid |
Total number of chromosomes in a cell |
Humans = 46 |
|
|
Nucleosome |
Complex of DNA and histone protein |
|
|
|
Stages of the cell cycle |
G1, S, G2, mitosis, cytokinesis |
|
|
|
G1 |
Gap phase 1; longest for most cells; primary growth |
|
|
|
S |
Synthesis; replicates it's DNA genome |
|
|
|
G2 |
Gap phase 2; prep for separation; microtubules reorganize to form spindles |
|
|
|
Interphase |
G1, S and G2 |
|
|
|
Mitosis |
Spindle assembles, binds to chromosomes and separates sister chromatids |
|
|
|
Prophase/prometaphase |
Chromosomes are visible and begin to move; nuclear membrane breaks down; |
|
|
|
Metaphase |
Chromosomes align in middle of cell; spindle apparatus attach to chromosome |
|
|
|
Anaphase |
Sister chromatids separate and pulled to opposite poles; spindle poles move apart |
|
|
|
Telophase |
Chromosomes at opposite ends and condense back to chromatin; nuclear membranes reform |
|
|
|
Cytokinesis |
Cell splitting; cleavage furrow forms to divide cells in animals; cell plates forms in plant cells |
|
|
|
Spindle |
Microtubule structure that move chromosomes |
|
|
|
Centromere |
A constriction where sister chromatids of a chromosome are held together |
|
|
|
Centrosome |
Central microtubule organizing center of cells; contains centrioles |
|
|
|
Centrioles |
Animal cells only; short cylindrical organelles that contain microtubules and are associated with forming spindles |
|
