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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell Cycle |
The life of a cell. From formation to the time it divides it self. |
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Interphase |
In between divisions when cell is growing and living normally. Doesn't divide. Duplicates its chromatids. Obtains nutrients. Majority of lifetime spent there. Three phases. Happens once in Meiosis. |
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G1 phase |
Growth one. The cell grows. |
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S phase |
Synthesis. Chromosomes of cells are copied. |
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G2 |
Growth 2. Cell grows and prepares for mitosis |
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Mitosis |
Cell seprates its already duplicated chromosomes into two sets of chromosomes |
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Cytokinesis |
Followed by mitosis. Cytoplasm and cell membrane are divided. Two daughter cells with same genetic information as the first. |
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Four stages of mitosis |
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase |
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Anaphase |
Sister chromatids seprate and move to opposite ends of the cell |
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Telophase |
Chromatids uncoil to chromatin Nuclear membrane redorms Spindle fibers break down |
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Purpose of DNA replication |
Make new cells |
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First step of DNA replication |
Uncoil orginal DNA molecule |
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Check points |
Occurs during G1, G2 and S phase. |
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Forst checkpoints |
G1 phase. Cell size and genetic material |
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Purpose of S phase |
DNA replication |
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2nd check point |
All genetic material duplicate All genetic material intact and Cell size |
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Whar caues cancer |
CDK and Cyclin stop working and cells are uncontrolled and a tumor os formed |
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Benign Tumor |
Remains in its current locaion Doesn't spread to other parts of the body |
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Cancer |
Fast cell mitosis |
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Malignant Tumor |
Can invade surrounding tissues |
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Carcinomas |
Affect the skin, lungs, stomach and intenstines |
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Sarcomas |
Affect connective tissues Bones, muscles, fat, blood vessels |
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Leukemia |
Affects bone, marrow and blood |
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Lymphoma |
Affects the immune system |
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Remession |
Cancer is nkt cured but no more cancer cells present |
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Spontaneous Regression |
When cancer disappears |
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Surgery |
Used to remove cancer |
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Chemotherapy |
Chemicals used to kill cancer Affects normal cells, causing patient to feel ill |
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Radiant therapy |
Pinpoiting x-rays used to silitray cancer cells Shrinking the tumor |
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Stem cells |
Can become any other cell |
