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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Phases of Interphase
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G1, S, G2
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S phase. what does the "S" represent? (mneumonic)
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"s"ister chromatids
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What Cyclin/cyclin dependent kinase is crucial for the start of mitosis? from what phase to what?
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Cyclin B/CDK1 from G2 to M
also termed MFP |
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how many centrioles in each centrosome?
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2
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3 things that happen in prophase.
what triggers it? |
1) condensation of chromosomes
2)Formation of Mitotic Spindles via MAPs/Centrosomes 3) Breakdown of Nuclear Envelope triggered by Cyclin B/CDK1 activation. serves to phosphorylate lots of crap |
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2 things that happen in prometaphase
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1) nuclear envelope finally DISAPPEARS
2)MTs attach to kinetochores |
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what causes interstand and intrastand cross linking of sister chromatids?
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interstrand=cohesins (hold sister chromatids together)
intrastrand=condensins ("condense" chromosome |
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Breakdown of nuclear envelope. happens when?
what causes it? |
happens during late prophase/prometaphase
phosphorylation of Lamins by CDK1/Cyclin B=depolymerization of laminar filaments/detachment from Type B Lamins |
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What is the "green goo" and what does it do? haha that rhymes!
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green goo=y-Tubulin=part of the centrosome (along with centrioles)
y-Tubulin is what the spindles attach to! (-) end cap. ring complex that initiates MT growth from (-) end |
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Kinetochores are what? where are they found?
what do they function as during Anaphase? |
attachment site for microtubules in centromere of mitotic spindle
during Anaphase, kinetochores function as a motor to facilitate movement of the chromosomes in the (-) direction toward the centrosomes |
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Difference btw metacentric,submetacentric, and acrocentric chromosomes
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metacentric="m"iddle=equal arms
submetacentric=sub="below" arm=1 fairly short "p" arm and 1 longer "q" arm acrocentric=acro="whoa! that's a super short arm"=tiny "p" arm |
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Progression to Anaphase: 2 things must happen: spindle assembly checkpoint and anaphase promoting complex. what do these 2 things do?
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Spindle Assembly Checkpoint: metaphase will not progress to anaphase until all chromosomes properly aligned and kinetochore microtubules are attached
APC=triggered once above is accomplished. Activation=> Cyclin B degradation (which decreases Cycle B) and also degrades the cohesin molecules holding the sister chromatids together |
