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368 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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misoprostol:
routes of admin? preferred route of admin for medical abortion? |
oral, vaginal, sublingual, buccal
(all using regular tablets) vaginal is preferred method for medical abortion: higher levels after 6 hours so theorized longer action, better clinical outcomes, greater bioavailability/AUC. Peak after 75 minutes (as opposed to 30 oral/sublingual). Highest bioavailability is with sublingual, but lower serum levels at 6 hours, better outcomes with vaginal for medical abortion. |
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misoprostol:
effects during labor/abortion time to onset? |
uterine contractions
cervical softening onset: contractions start ~20 min. after vaginal admin |
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misoprostol:
adverse effects |
#1 - diarrhea
N/V numbness of mouth & throat (following oral admin) fever & chills (usually when used for post-partum hemorrhage) headache SERIOUS: - Clostridium sordellii infection after vaginal use; very low incidence, but potentially fatal. - fetal malformations (<1%) - anaphylaxis (rare) |
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misoprostol indications
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prophylaxis: NSAID-induced ulcer
medical abortion post-partum hemorrhaging cervical ripening/induction of labor gastric ulcers (general) |
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misoprostol brand name & class
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Cytotec
prostaglandin E1 analog |
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misoprostol administration
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take with food
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misoprostol for NSAID-induced ulcers for women of childbearing potential?
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therapy usually begun on 2nd or 3rd day of next normal menstrual period
recommend oral contraceptive |
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1st line for Parkinson's?
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carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet)
most effective in reducing symptoms |
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dosing for carbidopa/levodopa?
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titration
* start with 1/2 tab of 25/100, BID-TID with meals * may need to start even lower in very elderly or those with dementia because of increased psychiatric AE's * titrate to lowest dose that produces response; usually 300-600 mg levodopa in early PD * most people need at least 75mg of carbidopa per day to reduce nausea from levodopa adequately |
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controlled/sustained release carbidopa/levodopa vs. immediate release
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lower bioavailability with controlled/sustained release!
may need to increase dose up to 30% peak is lower with controlled/sustained so it's harder to assess initial response; best to start with immediate release when initiating therapy |
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carbidopa/levodopa administration
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generally TID
better absorption on empty stomach, but initially advise patients to take with food to avoid nausea pt's with advanced PD may wish to take on an empty stomach for better response; can combine with anti-emetics, but avoid phenothiazine anti-emetics (prochlorperazine & metoclopramide, e.g.) because they are dopamine receptor blockers |
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carbidopa/levodopa:
adverse effects |
COMMON:
- nausea, somonolence, dizziness, headache SERIOUS: - confusion, hallucinations, delusions, agitation, psychosis (elderly) VARIES PER PATIENT, & BY LENGTH OF THERAPY: - "wearing off" or motor fluctuations: dyskinesia (involuntary movements) & dystonia (abnormal cramps & posture) |
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"wearing off"
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motor fluctuations from carbidopa/levodopa treatment in Parkinson's
involuntary movements (dyskinesia) & abnormal cramps & postures (dystonia) much more common in early-onset PD (age 40-59 at time of diagnosis) cause not entirely known, may be associated with Sinemet use, lowest effective doses recommended |
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medical abortion:
typical protocol (maximum gestational period?) |
Maximum gestation: 63 days from last menstrual period
mifepristone 200 mg orally, in office (older regimen 600 mg) 6-72 hours afterwards: misoprostol 800 mcg vaginally (4 tabs) at home (older regimen was 400 mcg orally, in clinic) Follow-Up visit 5-14 days after misoprostol |
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mifepristone indications
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medical abortion
to control hyperglycemia in patients with Cushing's who have Type 2 diabetes |
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mifepristone dosage & administration
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Cushing's hyperglycemia: 300 - 1200 mg QD, with a meal
medical abortion: 200 - 600 mg, under physician supervision |
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mifepristone adverse effects
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fatigue
headache dizziness nausea hypokalemia vaginal bleeding lots more... |
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Humalog
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lispro (rapid)
ONSET: <15 min PEAK: 1-2 hrs DURATION: 3-6 hrs usually dosed 15 minutes before a meal, or immediately after |
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lispro
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Humalog (rapid)
ONSET: <15 min PEAK: 1-2 hrs DURATION: 3-6 hrs usually dosed 15 minutes before a meal, or immediately after |
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Novolog
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aspart (rapid)
ONSET: <15 min PEAK: 1-2 hrs DURATION: 3-6 hrs usually dosed immediately before a meal (within 5-10 minutes before) |
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aspart
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Novolog (rapid)
ONSET: <15 min PEAK: 1-2 hrs DURATION: 3-6 hrs usually dosed immediately before a meal (within 5-10 minutes before) |
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Apidra
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insulin glulisine (rapid)
ONSET: <15 min PEAK: 1-2 hrs DURATION: 3-6 hrs administer within 15 minutes before or 20 minutes after starting a meal |
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glulisine
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Apidra (rapid insulin)
ONSET: <15 min PEAK: 1-2 hrs DURATION: 3-6 hrs administer within 15 minutes before or 20 minutes after starting a meal |
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regular insulin
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Novolin R, Humulin R (short-acting)
ONSET: 30-60 minutes PEAK: 2-4 hrs DURATION: 6-10 hrs administer 30-60 minutes before a meal, usually administered several times per day |
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Novolin N
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Insulin NPH (intermediate-acting)
ONSET: 2-4 hours PEAK: 4-8 hours DURATION: 10-18 hours usually dosed once or twice daily |
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With respect to Sinemet, most people need at least ____mg of ______ per day.
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at least 75mg of carbidopa per day
(to effectively reduce the nausea from levodopa) |
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bromocriptine
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Parlodel
ergot-derivative Dopamine Agonist Mainly used for Parkinson's, but also indicated for hyperprolactinemia, Type 2 diabetes & neuroleptic malignant syndrome max dose for Parkinson's: 100mg/day start with 1.25-2.5mg BID should be taken with food to minimize stomach upset AE's: nausea, constipation, dizziniess, fatigue, weakness, headache, compulsive behaviors/impulse control problems safety not established in use over 2yrs for Parkinson's ergot alkaloids associated with fibrotic tissue thickening of heart valves use with extreme caution in pt's with psychosis or dementia may cause sudden onset of sleep |
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rasagiline
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Azilect
MAO-B inhibitor (inhibits dopamine metabolism without affecting tyramine much at normal doses, higher doses may become non-selective) dosing: 0.5-1 mg once daily with or without food may be used as monotherapy in early Parkinson's, or with Sinemet in advanced Parkinson's to reduce "wearing off." Adverse Effects: nausea, headache, insomnia, confusion in elderly, may increase adverse effects of levodopa |
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rasagiline vs. selegiline
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rasagiline may be slightly more effective in vivo, and has demonstrated more neuroprotective effects than selegiline
selegiline is metabolized to amphetamine, methamphetamine selegiline is also approved for major depression as the transdermal patch Emsam |
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Azilect
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rasagiline
MAO-B inhibitor (inhibits dopamine metabolism without affecting tyramine much at normal doses, higher doses may become non-selective) dosing: 0.5-1 mg once daily with or without food may be used as monotherapy in early Parkinson's, or with Sinemet in advanced Parkinson's to reduce "wearing off." Adverse Effects: nausea, headache, insomnia, confusion in elderly, may increase adverse effects of levodopa |
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selegiline
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Eldepryl, Zelapar (ODT)
MAO-B inhibitor (inhibits dopamine metabolism without affecting tyramine much at normal doses, higher doses may become non-selective) methamphetamine and amphetamine are minor metabolites of selegiline dosing: 5mg BID (with breakfast & lunch) with or without food May be used as monotherapy in early Parkinson's, or with Sinemet in advanced Parkinson's to reduce "wearing off." Also approved in major depression as the transdermal patch Emsam. Adverse Effects: nausea, headache, insomnia, confusion in elderly, may increase adverse effects of levodopa |
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Eldepryl
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selegiline
MAO-B inhibitor (inhibits dopamine metabolism without affecting tyramine much at normal doses, higher doses may become non-selective) methamphetamine and amphetamine are minor metabolites of selegiline dosing: 5mg BID (with breakfast & lunch) with or without food May be used as monotherapy in early Parkinson's, or with Sinemet in advanced Parkinson's to reduce "wearing off." Also approved in major depression as the transdermal patch Emsam. Adverse Effects: nausea, headache, insomnia, confusion in elderly, may increase adverse effects of levodopa |
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Zelapar
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selegiline orally dissolving tablet
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Emsam
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selegiline transdermal patch
approved only for major depression Dosing is slightly different than selegiline oral for Parkinson's: 6mg / 24hr patch initially, 12mg / 24hr max |
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efficacy of MAO-B inhibitors
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(in Parkinson's)
may increase total motor & functionality scores - as monotherapy in early disease - in combination with Sinemet in advanced disease, may shorten or eliminate "wearing off" periods |
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dopamine agonists vs. levodopa in Parkinson's?
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ADVANTAGES OF LEVODOPA:
- more effective - better tolerated than dopamine agonists! ADVANTAGES OF DOPAMINE AGONISTS: - associated with fewer motor fluctuations than levodopa, early use as monotherapy may delay levodopa-associated motor complications - longer duration than levodopa - don't compete with amino acids for gut transports (so don't have to be taken on an empty stomach for best absorption like levodopa) - some recommend to start with DA's in early-onset Parkinson's (age of diagnosis <60) because early-onset disease has a higher incidence of levodopa-associated dyskinesia |
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Parlodel
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bromocriptine
ergot-derivative Dopamine Agonist Mainly used for Parkinson's, but also indicated for hyperprolactinemia, Type 2 diabetes & neuroleptic malignant syndrome max dose for Parkinson's: 100mg/day start with 1.25-2.5mg BID should be taken with food to minimize stomach upset AE's: nausea, constipation, dizziniess, fatigue, weakness, headache, compulsive behaviors/impulse control problems safety not established in use over 2yrs for Parkinson's ergot alkaloids associated with fibrotic tissue thickening of heart valves use with extreme caution in pt's with psychosis or dementia may cause sudden onset of sleep |
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pramipexole
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Mirapex
nonergot Dopamine Agonist Parkinson's disease, Restless Leg Syndrome, some unlabeled use in bipolar and fibromyalgia DOSING: IR: 0.5mg - 1.5mg TID (titrate up from 0.125mg TID) ER: up to 4.5mg once daily, start with 0.375mg once daily may be taken with food to decrease nausea for RLS: max 0.5mg QD (initial 0.125mg), 2-3 hrs before bedtime AE's: nausea, constipation, dizziniess, fatigue, weakness, headache, compulsive behaviors/impulse control problems CARRIES WARNING FOR "SLEEP ATTACKS" |
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Mirapex
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pramipexole
nonergot Dopamine Agonist Parkinson's disease, Restless Leg Syndrome, some unlabeled use in bipolar and fibromyalgia DOSING: IR: 0.5mg - 1.5mg TID (titrate up from 0.125mg TID) ER: up to 4.5mg once daily, start with 0.375mg once daily may be taken with food to decrease nausea for RLS: max 0.5mg QD (initial 0.125mg), 2-3 hrs before bedtime AE's: nausea, constipation, dizziniess, fatigue, weakness, headache, compulsive behaviors/impulse control problems CARRIES WARNING FOR "SLEEP ATTACKS" |
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Requip
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ropinirole
nonergot Dopamine Agonist Parkinson's disease, Restless Leg Syndrome DOSING: Parkinson's: max 24 mg/day divided TID (ER is once daily) RLS: max 4 mg/day, 1-3hrs before bedtime may be taken with food to decrease nausea AE's: nausea, constipation, dizziniess, fatigue, weakness, headache, compulsive behaviors/impulse control problems may cause "sleep attacks" |
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ropinirole
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Requip
ropinirole nonergot Dopamine Agonist Parkinson's disease, Restless Leg Syndrome DOSING: Parkinson's: max 24 mg/day divided TID (ER is once daily) RLS: max 4 mg/day, 1-3hrs before bedtime may be taken with food to decrease nausea AE's: nausea, constipation, dizziniess, fatigue, weakness, headache, compulsive behaviors/impulse control problems may cause "sleep attacks" |
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which Parkinson's meds are associated with "sleep attacks"?
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Dopamine Agonists (bromocriptine, ropinirole, and in particular pramipexole)
may be worse at higher doses and when used with other psychoactive meds |
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amantadine
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antiviral
Indicated for treatment of Parkinson's & Extrapyramidal Symptoms: for akinesia, rigidity & tremor - best use is as short-term monotherapy in those with mild disease; those with advanced disease may benefit for a short time - may be effective in reducing impulse control problems associated with dopamine agonists, but may be poorly tolerated also for treatment & prophylaxis of influenza A virus MOA in Parkinson's & EPS unknown, blocks the uncoating of influenza A virus preventing its entry into the host cell Parkinson's dosing: start with 100mg BID, can take up to 400mg daily in divided doses AE's: confusion, hallucinations, orthostatic hypotension, ankle edema, use with caution in renal failure |
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COMT inhibitors
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tolcapone, entacapone
used in Parkinson's disease (inhibit breakdown of levodopa by the enzyme COMT, ineffective if given alone!) used in Parkinson's pt's with end-of-dose "wearing off" & motor fluctuations adding a COMT inhibitor may allow up to 30% reduction in levodopa dose adverse effects: nausea, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, hallucinations, diarrhea, benign orange discoloration of urine (lowering levodopa dose prior to starting COMT may reduce AE's) |
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Tasmar
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tolcapone
COMT inhbitor - used in Parkinson's with levodopa reduces the CENTRAL breakdown of levodopa 100mg-200mg TID, without regard to meals associated with hepatotoxicity adverse effects: nausea, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, hallucinations, diarrhea, benign orange discoloration of urine (lowering levodopa dose prior to starting COMT may reduce AE's) |
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tolcapone
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Tasmar
COMT inhbitor - used in Parkinson's with levodopa reduces the CENTRAL breakdown of levodopa 100mg-200mg TID, without regard to meals associated with hepatotoxicity adverse effects: nausea, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, hallucinations, diarrhea, benign orange discoloration of urine (lowering levodopa dose prior to starting COMT may reduce AE's) |
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Comtan
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entacapone
COMT inhibitor - used in Parkinson's with levodopa reduces the PERIPHERAL breakdown of levodopa 200mg with each dose of levodopa, up to 8x per day (max dose 1600mg/day) taken without regard to meals NOT associated with hepatotoxicity (but use with caution in impaired patients) adverse effects: nausea, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, hallucinations, diarrhea, benign orange discoloration of urine (lowering levodopa dose prior to starting COMT may reduce AE's) |
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entacapone
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Comtan
COMT inhibitor - used in Parkinson's with levodopa reduces the PERIPHERAL breakdown of levodopa 200mg with each dose of levodopa, up to 8x per day (max dose 1600mg/day) taken without regard to meals NOT associated with hepatotoxicity (but use with caution in impaired patients) adverse effects: nausea, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, hallucinations, diarrhea, benign orange discoloration of urine (lowering levodopa dose prior to starting COMT may reduce AE's) |
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anticholinergics in Parkinson's
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dopamine & acetylcholine are normally in a state of electrochemical balance in neurons, dopamine depletion increases cholinergic sensitivity, so cholinergic drugs can increase some Parkinson's symptoms, and anticholinergic drugs can decrease some Parkinson's symptoms
centrally acting anticholinergics are used in Parkinson's: trihexyphenidyl & benztropine used for symptoms, particularly TREMOR may be used as monotherapy if tremor is the only symptom of concern, or as an add-on for tremor trihexyphenidyl used more for Parkinson's tremor, benztropine used more for antipsychotic-induced parkinsonism avoid/use with caution in elderly patients because of psychiatric side effects, can try peripherally acting anticholinergic such as propantheline |
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trihexyphenidyl
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centrally-acting anticholinergic used in Parkinson's, primarly for tremor, may alleviate some other symptoms as well
may be used as monotherapy if tremor is the only symptom of concern caution in eldelry patients because of psychiatric side effects, could use a peripherally acting anticholinergic such as propantheline usual dosing is 5-15mg per day, divided into 3 or 4 doses |
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Cogentin
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Cogentin
centrally-acting anticholinergic used for Extrapyramidal Symptoms from antipsychotic drugs, and in Parkinson's primarly for tremor, may alleviate some other symptoms as well may be used as monotherapy if tremor is the only symptom of concern caution in eldelry patients because of psychiatric side effects, could use a peripherally acting anticholinergic such as propantheline usual dosing is 1-4mg per day, as a single dose or divided into 2-4 doses (max 6mg/day) |
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benztropine
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Cogentin
centrally-acting anticholinergic used for Extrapyramidal Symptoms from antipsychotic drugs, and in Parkinson's primarly for tremor, may alleviate some other symptoms as well may be used as monotherapy if tremor is the only symptom of concern caution in eldelry patients because of psychiatric side effects, could use a peripherally acting anticholinergic such as propantheline usual dosing is 1-4mg per day, as a single dose or divided into 2-4 doses (max 6mg/day) |
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which anticholinergic is used most for Extrapyramidal Symptoms caused by anti-psychotic drugs?
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benztropine
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propantheline
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peripherally-acting anticholinergic
Indicated as an antispasmodic in cases of peptic ulcer, or as an antisecretory in drooling may be useful in elderly Parkinson's patients with tremor (because centrally-acting anticholinergics may cause psychiatric side effects) |
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estrogen in Parkinson's
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low-dose estrogen in post-menopausal women may be helpful if they are experiencing motor fluctuations from other meds
may increase motor control & decrease wearing off MOA unknown combinations with progesterone not studied for this use |
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Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in Alzheimer's Disease
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cholinergic defecit in the brains of AD pt's, cholinergic precursors ineffective & cholinergic agonists had numerous AE's
tacrine was the 1st, but is associated with hepatotoxicity & is rarely used donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine (these are the ones currently indicated by the FDA) efficacy similar for all these AChEI's |
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Aricept
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donepezil
AChEI, Central (indicated for dementia & Alzheimer's, Lewy-body dementia, & Parkinson's pt's with dementia) popular choice because it has relatively little peripheral activity, is well-tolerated, and has once-daily dosing 5-10mg once daily with or without food AE's: N/V/D, syncope, symptomatic bradycardia |
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donepezil
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Aricept
AChEI, Central (indicated for dementia & Alzheimer's, Lewy-body dementia, & Parkinson's pt's with dementia) popular choice because it has relatively little peripheral activity, is well-tolerated, and has once-daily dosing 5-10mg once daily with or without food AE's: N/V/D, syncope, symptomatic bradycardia |
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rivastigmine
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AChEI, Central (indicated for dementia & Alzheimer's, Lewy-body dementia, & Parkinson's pt's with dementia)
popular choice because it has relatively little peripheral activity, is well-tolerated, and has once-daily dosing up to 6mg twice daily (can split into TID) give with food to reduce stomach upset (may have more GI side effects than donepezil, dose titration recommended) transdermal patch may have fewer GI effects AE's: N/V/D, anorexia, headaches |
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Exelon
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rivastigmine transdermal patch
AChEI, Central (indicated for dementia & Alzheimer's, Lewy-body dementia, & Parkinson's pt's with dementia) popular choice because it has relatively little peripheral activity, is well-tolerated, and has once-daily dosing once-daily patch transdermal patch may have fewer GI effects, dose titration stil recommended AE's: N/V/D, anorexia, headaches |
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Razadyne
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galantamine
AChEI, Central (indicated for dementia & Alzheimer's, Lewy-body dementia, & Parkinson's pt's with dementia) like rivastigmine, galantamine may have more GI effects than donepezil but be similar in efficacy IR: titrate as high as 12mg BID ER: titrate as high as 24mg once daily give with food to reduce stomach upset (may have more GI side effects than donepezil, dose titration recommended) AE's: N/V/D, anorexia Galantamine has been associated with increased mortality in patients with mild cognitive impairment, but this increase has not been found in other conditions |
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galantamine
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Razadyne
AChEI, Central (indicated for dementia & Alzheimer's, Lewy-body dementia, & Parkinson's pt's with dementia) like rivastigmine, galantamine may have more GI effects than donepezil but be similar in efficacy IR: titrate as high as 12mg BID ER: titrate as high as 24mg once daily give with food to reduce stomach upset (may have more GI side effects than donepezil, dose titration recommended) AE's: N/V/D, anorexia Galantamine has been associated with increased mortality in patients with mild cognitive impairment, but this increase has not been found in other conditions |
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Namenda
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memantine
NMDA-receptor antagonist (thought to have effect primarily through neuroprotection from glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity at NMDA receptors) INDICATIONS: moderate-to-severe vascular dementia moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease may be better tolerated than the cholinergic agents; main AE is dizziness, less common is confusion & hallucinations memantine may be disease-modifiying, so its use is often continued in advanced disease even if there is no symptomatic improvement in advanced disease, memantine may be combined with an AChEI |
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memantine
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Namenda
NMDA-receptor antagonist (thought to have effect primarily through neuroprotection from glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity at NMDA receptors) INDICATIONS: moderate-to-severe vascular dementia moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease may be better tolerated than the cholinergic agents; main AE is dizziness, less common is confusion & hallucinations memantine may be disease-modifiying, so its use is often continued in advanced disease even if there is no symptomatic improvement in advanced disease, memantine may be combined with an AChEI |
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suggested initial treatment for mild-moderate vascular dementia
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AChEI
such as: - donepezil - rivastigmine - galantamine |
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suggested initial treatment for mild-moderate Alzheimer's
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AChEI
such as: - donepezil - rivastigmine - galantamine |
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therapy recommendations for pt with severe dementia, already taking both AChEI + Namenda?
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can discontinue the AChEI, but re-start if symptoms get worse after d/c'ing
continue with Namenda because it may be neuroprotective even if symptoms aren't improving |
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therapy recommendation for pt with advanced dementia/Alzheimer's who is taking Aricept?
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can add Namenda to AChEI in pt's with advanced/severe dementia or Alzheimer's
continue Namenda, if tolerated, even if there is no symptomatic improvement because it may be neuroprotective |
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which category of dementia drugs is neuroprotective?
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NMDA-receptor antagonists
Namenda (memantine) is the only one currently approved by the FDA |
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Should a pt with dementia take Vitamin E?
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there is limited evidence showing possible benefit to taking Vitamin E supplements for pt's with dementia/Alzheimer's, but it is not routinely recommended because evidence is limited, and high doses of Vitamin E are associated with risks
Vitamin E should be avoided in pt's with heart disease because of increases in heart failure associated with high-dose Vitamin E supplementation Vitamin E at lower/moderate doses is an option for interested patients: recommend 400 IU daily maximum |
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Lantus
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insulin glargine
ONSET: 1-2 hours PEAK: usually no peak DURATION: up to 24 hours usually dosed once a day, time of day doesn't matter |
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insulin glargine
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Lantus (long-acting)
ONSET: 1-2 hours PEAK: usually no peak DURATION: up to 24 hours usually dosed once a day, time of day doesn't matter |
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insulin detemir
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Levemir (long-acting)
ONSET: 1-2 hours PEAK: usually no peak DURATION: up to 24 hours usually dosed once a day, time of day does not matter |
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Levemir
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insulin detemir (long-acting)
ONSET: 1-2 hours PEAK: usually no peak DURATION: up to 24 hours usually dosed once a day, time of day does not matter |
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Novolin 70/30
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insulin NPH (70%), intermediate-acting
insulin regular (30%), short-acting ONSET: 30-60 minutes PEAK: 2-10 hours DURATION: 10-18 hours usually dosed BID |
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Novolin R
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regular insulin (short-acting)
ONSET: 30-60 minutes PEAK: 2-4 hrs DURATION: 6-10 hrs usually dosed QD or BID |
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Humulin R
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regular insulin (short-acting)
ONSET: 30-60 minutes PEAK: 2-4 hrs DURATION: 6-10 hrs usually dosed QD or BID |
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Humulin 70/30
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insulin NPH (70%), intermediate-acting
insulin regular (30%), short-acting ONSET: 30-60 minutes PEAK: 2-10 hours DURATION: 10-18 hours usually dosed BID |
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Humalog 50/50
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insulin lispro protamine (50%), intermediate-acting
insulin lispro (50%), short-acting ONSET: 10-30 minutes PEAK: 1-6 hours DURATION: 10-24 hours usually dosed BID |
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Novolog 70/30
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insulin aspart protamine (70%), intermediate-acting
insulin aspart (30%), rapid-acting ONSET: 10-30 minutes PEAK: 1-6 hours DURATION: 10-24 hours usually dosed BID |
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DEA # verification:
BF1424326 |
B = ignore first letter
F = first letter of practitioner's last name add 1st, 3rd & 5th digits, so 1+2+3 = 6 2x(2nd+4th+6th) so 2(4+4+2)= 20 add these two numbers together, so 20+6 = 26 the second digit of this final sum should match the last digit of the DEA# in this case it matches, so this would be valid DEA number |
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Questran generic?
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cholestyramine
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HCTZ causes all of the following EXCEPT:
a. hypokalemia b. hypercalcemia c. hypouricemia d. hyperglycemia e. hyponatremia |
c: HCTZ causes hyPERuricemia, NOT hypouricemia
thiazide diuretics cause hypokalemia & hyponatremia, raise the concentration of uric acid, calcium and glucose by stimulating their resorption from the renal tubules |
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HCTZ should be avoided with:
I. Lanoxin II. lithium III. Questran a. I only b. III only c. I and II only d. II and III only e. ALL |
e: HCTZ should be avoided with ALL of the above
- HCTZ-induced hypokalemia may increase the toxic effects of digoxin - Questran (cholestyramine) and Colestid (colestipol) may inhibit the GI absorption by binding to its acidic group - both sodium ions and lithium ions may compete for resorption from renal tubules, so lithium + HCTZ may facilitate lithium resorption, increasing lithium concentration/toxicity |
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Dryness of mouth, increased thirst, irregular heartbeat, muscle cramps or pain, nausea nad weakness are signs of:
a. digitalis toxicity b. HCTZ toxicity c. bisacodyl toxicity d. diazepam toxicity e. atropine toxicity |
b: HCTZ-induced hypokalemia may manifest as dryness of mouth, increased thirst, irregular heartbeat and muscle and leg cramps.
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Which of the following is an orally disintegrating tablet formulation of prednisolone, used to treat exacerbations of asthma and other inflammatory diseases and conditions in children?
a. Celestone Soluspan b. PediaPred c. Orapred d. Vasocidin e. Juvederm |
c: Orapred ODT
indicated in teh treatement of atopic dermatitis, Crohn's, ulcerative colitis adn acute exacerbations of COPD. Initial dose may vary from 10mg-60mg per day. |
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An active ingredient of Abelect is:
a. rifampicin b. ketoconazole c. amphotericin B d. lisinopril e. isradipine |
c: amphotericin B (a.k.a. Amphotec & Ambisome also)
dosing: 5 mg/kg as a single infusion pretreat patients with antipyretics, antihistamines, antiemetics and meperidine to reduce the signs and symptoms of shaking chills and fever abdominal pain, anorexia, anxiety, hypokalemia, anemia, nephrotoxicity and diarrhea are side effects of amphtericin B |
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Abelect
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amphotericin B
dosing: 5 mg/kg as a single infusion pretreat patients with antipyretics, antihistamines, antiemetics and meperidine to reduce the signs and symptoms of shaking chills and fever abdominal pain, anorexia, anxiety, hypokalemia, anemia, nephrotoxicity and diarrhea are side effects of amphtericin B |
|
|
Amphotec
|
amphotericin B (powder for injection)
dosing: 5 mg/kg as a single infusion pretreat patients with antipyretics, antihistamines, antiemetics and meperidine to reduce the signs and symptoms of shaking chills and fever abdominal pain, anorexia, anxiety, hypokalemia, anemia, nephrotoxicity and diarrhea are side effects of amphtericin B |
|
|
Ambisome
|
amphotericin B (liposomal form)
dosing: 5 mg/kg as a single infusion pretreat patients with antipyretics, antihistamines, antiemetics and meperidine to reduce the signs and symptoms of shaking chills and fever abdominal pain, anorexia, anxiety, hypokalemia, anemia, nephrotoxicity and diarrhea are side effects of amphtericin B |
|
|
Which of the following drugs should be avoided with digoxin?
I. Erythromycin II. Quinidine III. Colestipol a. I only b. III only c. I and II only d. II and III only e. ALL |
e: ALL should be avoided with colestipol.
Erythromycin and other abx may increase the absorption of digoxin by altering the normal GI flora of the stomach, which inactivates digoxin before it is absorbed. Quinidine may increase serum concentrations of digoxin. Colestipol and cholestyramine may reduce the absorption of digoxin by binding to the acidic moiety. |
|
|
which blood pressure med(s) may cause bradycardia when used concurrently with digoxin?
|
diltiazem and verapamil
Digoxin suppresses AV node conduction, and Non-DHP's have negative effects on AV node conduction also --> bradycardia. |
|
|
normal serum concentration of digoxin should be...?
|
0.7 - 1.4 ng/mL
|
|
|
digoxin dosing and routes of administration?
|
recommended dosing: 0.125mg - 0.375mg
tablet capsule elixir injection |
|
|
Which of the following drug(s) is/are not given according to the recommended therapeutic dose?
I. Valium 5mg 1T po QHS II. Lanoxin 0.25mg 1T po QD III. Corgard 80mg 1T po QID |
b: Corgard = nadolol
recommended dose: 40 - 80 mg/day generally once daily dosing because of its prolonged duration of action and long half-life. |
|
|
beta blockers and diabetes
|
BB's may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia such as tachycardia, confusion, difficulty concentrating. They also impair gluconeogenesis and thereby prolong the period of hypoglycemia.
|
|
|
Norvasc
- generic - dosing - admin forms |
amlodipine
usually 5 to 10 mg once daily oral tablets |
|
|
Corgard
- generic - dosing - admin forms |
Corgard = nadolol
recommended dose: 40 - 80 mg/day generally once daily dosing because of its prolonged duration of action and long half-life. oral tablet |
|
|
Lanoxin
- indications - dosing and admin forms |
(digoxin)
CHF, AFib (only first-line if pt also has CHF), supraventricular tachycardia (unlabeled) 0.125 - 0.5 mg once daily tablets oral solution injection |
|
|
Toradol dosing & admin forms
|
5 days max (parenteral & oral combined)
IV/IM: 15-30mg Q6H (max 120mg daily) oral: 10-20mg Q4-6H (max 40mg daily) |
|
|
Catapres TTS 2
|
clonidine weekly transdermal patch (0.2 mg/24hr)
also available as 0.1 or 0.3 mg/24hr |
|
|
Catapres
- indications - dosing & admin forms |
(clonidine)
HTN, ADHD (usually extended release), epidural form is for adjunctive therapy with opioids for treatment of severe cancer pain in patients not responding to opioids alone, usually more effective for neuropathic pain unlabeled: nicotine/alcohol withdrawal 0.1 - 0.8 mg/day (IR usually split BID) oral tablets (IR, ER12hr, ER24hr) oral solution (extended release) transdermal patch (weekly) epidural solution |
|
|
Nexiclon
|
(XR, clonidine oral liquid extended release, or Nexiclon XR tablets 24 hour, scored)
HTN, ADHD (usually extended release), epidural form is for adjunctive therapy with opioids for treatment of severe cancer pain in patients not responding to opioids alone, usually more effective for neuropathic pain unlabeled: nicotine/alcohol withdrawal 0.1 - 0.8 mg/day |
|
|
Kapvay
|
clonidine extended release (12 hr)
usually used for ADHD 0.1 mg QAM + 0.2 mg QPM |
|
|
Duraclon
|
clonidine epidural solution
HTN, ADHD (usually extended release), epidural form is for adjunctive therapy with opioids for treatment of severe cancer pain in patients not responding to opioids alone, usually more effective for neuropathic pain unlabeled: nicotine/alcohol withdrawal 0.1 - 0.8 mg/day |
|
|
prednisolone dosing & admin forms
|
usual dose range: 5-60 mg daily
ophthalmic oral tablets ODT oral solution & suspension oral syrup |
|
|
AsmalPred
|
prednisolone oral solution
|
|
|
Millipred
|
prednisolone oral solution
and oral tablet |
|
|
Orapred
|
prednisolone oral solution
and ODT |
|
|
Pediapred
|
prednisolone oral solution
|
|
|
Veripred
|
prednisolone oral solution
|
|
|
Flo-Pred
|
prednisolone oral suspension
|
|
|
Prelone
|
prednisolone oral syrup
|
|
|
Prezista
- indications - dosing & admin - admin forms |
darunavir
(co-administration with ritonavir 100mg once daily is required) for HIV infections 800mg once daily + 100mg ritonavir once daily In antiretroviral resistant patients: 600mg twice daily + ritonavir once daily coadministration with food is required (increases bioavailability) non-refrigerated oral tablet oral suspension |
|
|
Lucentis
|
ranibizumab (for ophthalmic intravitreal injection only)
refrigerated! VEGF-A antibody for age-related macular degeneration and macular edema |
|
|
Accolate
|
(zafirlukast)
treatment of asthma & prophylaxis of asthma symptoms maximum effects on asthma symptoms in 2-6 weeks 10 - 20 mg BID on empty stomach (at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals), food decreases bioavailability oral tablet only |
|
|
Which of the folowing drugs is required to be stored in a refrigerateor?
a. EryTab b. Prezista c. Lucentis d. Accolate e. Z-Pak |
c. Lucentis is refrigerated
|
|
|
Toradol can be given:
I. orally II. IM III. IV a. I only b. III only c. I and II only d. II and III only e. ALL |
e. all
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Toradol?
a. Toradol is a short-term analgesic agent indicated for a severe pain that cannot be controlled by regular NSAIDs. b. it causes peptic ulcers and perforation of the stomach, and should be avoided in patients with gastric ulcers c. Toradol is contraindicated in pateitnts with renal impairment d. Toradol inhibits the aggregation of platelets and increases the risk of bleeding e. Toradol is a preferable analgesic agent for epidural and/or intrathecal administration |
e: Toradol (ketorolac) should never be given by intrathecal or epidural route because of its alcohool contant (solution is 10% w/v of alcohol)
|
|
|
Which of the following should be avoided with Toradol?
I. Plicamycin II. Valproic acid III. Moxalactam a. I only b. III only c. I and II only d. II and III only e. ALL |
e: avoid ketorolac with ALL of the above
plicamycin, valproic acid, cefotetan, cefoperazone and moxalactam have all been reported to inhibit the aggregation of platelets (ketorolac, and NSAID, also inhibits the aggregation of platelets) ---> increased risk of bleeding |
|
|
All of the following drugs should be avoided with Toradol EXCEPT:
a. Antivert b. Cefotetan c. Auranofin d. Methotrexate e. Probenecid |
a: Auranofin (gold compound), methotrexate and probenecid may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity when used simulataneously with Toradol.
Concurrent use of cefotetan with Toradol may aggravate the bleeding tendency in patients by inhibiting the aggregation of platelets. Antivert (meclizine) can be used safely with Toradol. |
|
|
auranofin
|
gold compound (brand name Ridaura)
Rheumatoid Arthritis 6 mg/day in 1-2 divided doses oral capsules only AE's: rash, diarrhea & abdominal pain are most common |
|
|
Ridaura
|
(auranofin) gold compound
Rheumatoid Arthritis 6 mg/day in 1-2 divided doses oral capsules only AE's: rash, diarrhea & abdominal pain are most common |
|
|
A patient has a past history of GI ulcers. He needs potassium supplements for the treatment of his hypokalemia. As a pharmacist, which of the following potassium supplements would you recommend for the patient?
a. K-Dur b. K-Tab c. Micro K Extentabs d. Kaochlor e. Klotrix |
d: Kaochlor is the only liquid preparation, which makes it less irritating to the GI tract.
|
|
|
Symbicort
|
(budesonide & formoterol)
80/4.5 mcg per act, or 160/4.5 mcg per act long-term, twice daily maintenance of asthma & COPD NOT for acute bronchospasm, should be administered twice daily EVERY day rinse mouth after use |
|
|
clonidine class/mechanism?
|
Alpha-2 agonist
|
|
|
Xolegel
|
ketoconazole 2% gel
treatment of seborrheic dermatitis once daily for 2 weeks |
|
|
Which of the following is the major side effect of Geodon?
a. HTN b. seizure c. edema d. arrhythmia e. jaundice |
d: (ziprasidone, antipsychotic agent) may prolong the QT interval & should be used carefully in patients with heart disease.
|
|
|
Toradol bioavailability
|
ketorolac has greater bioavailability via the oral route (lower bioavailability parenterally)
|
|
|
The dosage of Abilify should be reduced to half when prescribed with:
I. Prozac II. Nizoral III. Tegretol a. I only b. III only c. I and II only d. II and III only e. ALL |
c: the dosage of Abilify should be reduced to half when prescribed with paroxetine, fluoxetine, quinidine and Nizoral (ketoconazole), because these are all inhibitors of the enzymes that metabolize Abilify (CYP2D6 & CYP3A4)
carbamazepine induces CYP3A4, so the dose of Abilify is often doubled for patients on carbamazepine |
|
|
Cozaar
|
losartan
|
|
|
Diovan
|
valsartan
|
|
|
Avapro
|
irbesartan
|
|
|
Benicar
|
olmesartan
|
|
|
Micardis
|
telmisartan
|
|
|
Tamiflu
|
oseltamivir
|
|
|
Travatan
|
travoprost
|
|
|
Mycolog
|
nystatin + triamcinolone
|
|
|
Lozol
|
indapamide
|
|
|
Nolvadex
|
tamoxifen
|
|
|
Asacol
|
mesalamine
|
|
|
Zaroxolyn
|
metolazone
|
|
|
Vesicare
|
solifenacin
|
|
|
Cefzil
|
cefprozil
|
|
|
Lomotil
|
diphenoxylate + atropine
|
|
|
Zofran
|
ondansetron
|
|
|
Bumex
|
bumetanide
|
|
|
Arimidex
|
anastrazole
|
|
|
Duoneb
|
ipratropium + albuterol
|
|
|
Zymar
|
gatifloxacin
|
|
|
Suboxone
|
buprenorphine + naloxone
|
|
|
Capoten
|
captopril
|
|
|
Ilotycin
|
ophthalmic erythromycin
|
|
|
Restasis
|
cyclosporine
|
|
|
Demadex
|
torsemide
|
|
|
Ciprodex
|
otic: ciprofloxacin + dexamethasone
|
|
|
Prometrium
|
progesterone
|
|
|
Decadron
|
dexamethasone
|
|
|
Elocon
|
mometasone topical
|
|
|
Mirapex
|
pramipexole
|
|
|
Compazine
|
prochlorperazine
|
|
|
Focaline XR
|
dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride
|
|
|
Lotensin HCT
|
benazepril + HCTZ
|
|
|
Feldene
|
piroxicam
|
|
|
Micardis HCT
|
telmisartan + HCTZ
|
|
|
Anaprox
|
naproxen
|
|
|
Tegretol
|
carbamazepine
|
|
|
Sinequan
|
doxepin
|
|
|
Lovaza
|
omega-3 fatty acids
|
|
|
Micardis
|
telmisartan
|
|
|
Geodon
|
ziprasidone
|
|
|
Cosopt
|
dorzolamide + timolol
|
|
|
Cleocin
|
clindamycin
|
|
|
Apresoline
|
hydralazine
|
|
|
Atacand
|
candesartan
|
|
|
Triphasil
|
levonorgestrel + ethinyl estradiol (triphasic)
|
|
|
Tobradex
|
tobramycin + dexamethasone
|
|
|
Provera
|
medroxyprogesterone
|
|
|
Vicoprofen
|
hydrocodone + ibuprofen
|
|
|
Alphagan
|
brimonidine (ophthalmic)
|
|
|
Lumigan
|
bimatoprost
|
|
|
Cordarone
|
amiodarone
|
|
|
Trileptal
|
oxcarbazepine
|
|
|
Provigil
|
modafinil
|
|
|
Cogentin
|
benztropine
|
|
|
Pulmicort
|
budesonide (inhalation)
|
|
|
Indocin
|
indomethacin
|
|
|
Drisdol
|
ergocalciferol (Vitamin D)
|
|
|
Byetta
|
exenatide
|
|
|
Vistaril
|
hydroxyzine pamoate
|
|
|
Atarax
|
hydroxyzine hydrochloride
|
|
|
Loestrin 24 FE
|
norethindrone + ethinyl estradiol + ferrous fumarate
|
|
|
Desogen
|
desogestrel + ethinyl estradiol (0.15/0.03)
|
|
|
Lidex
|
fluocinonide
|
|
|
Vivelle-Dot
|
estradiol
|
|
|
Westcort
|
hydrocortisone
|
|
|
Sinemet
|
carbidopa/levodopa
|
|
|
Normodyne
|
labetolol
|
|
|
Lo/Ovral
|
norgestrel + ethinyl estradiol
|
|
|
Ortho Evra
|
norelgestromin + ethinyl estradiol
|
|
|
Monopril
|
fosinopril
|
|
|
Levitra
|
vardenafil
|
|
|
Rhinocort AQ
|
budesonide (nasal)
|
|
|
Prempro
|
conjugated estrogens + medroxyprogesterone
|
|
|
Nystop
|
nystatin (topical)
|
|
|
Mircette
|
desogestrel + ethinyl estradiol (0.15/.02)
|
|
|
Januvia
|
sitagliptin
|
|
|
Ceftin
|
cefuroxime
|
|
|
Keppra
|
levetiracetam
|
|
|
Avodart
|
dutasteride
|
|
|
Caduet
|
amlodipine + atorvastatin
|
|
|
Nizoral
|
ketoconazole
|
|
|
Mytussin
|
codeine + guaifenesin
|
|
|
Tussionex
|
chlorpheniramine + hydrocodone
|
|
|
Zyrtec-D
|
cetirizine + pseudoephedrine
|
|
|
Astelin
|
azelastine
|
|
|
Lioresal
|
baclofen
|
|
|
Kemstro
|
baclofen
|
|
|
Levsin
|
hyoscyamine
|
|
|
Clarinex
|
desloratadine
|
|
|
Bentyl
|
dicyclomine
|
|
|
Plaquenil
|
hydroxychloroquine
|
|
|
Temovate
|
clobetasol
|
|
|
Pamelor
|
nortriptyline
|
|
|
Biaxin
|
clarithromycin
|
|
|
Lodine
|
etodolac
|
|
|
Patanol
|
olopatadine
|
|
|
Ritalin
|
methylphenidate
|
|
|
Peridex
|
chlorhexidine mouth rinse
|
|
|
Pyridium
|
phenazopyridine
|
|
|
Tenoretic
|
atenolol + chlorthalidone
|
|
|
Alesse
|
levonorgestrel + ethinyl estradiol
|
|
|
Strattera
|
atomoxetine
|
|
|
Namenda
|
memantine
|
|
|
Robaxin
|
methacarbamol
|
|
|
Vigamox
|
moxifloxacin
|
|
|
Slow FE
|
ferrous sulfate
|
|
|
Zanaflex
|
tizanidine
|
|
|
Ultracet
|
tramadol + APAP
|
|
|
Skelaxin
|
metaxalone
|
|
|
Plendil
|
felodipine
|
|
|
Nasacort AQ
|
triamcinolone (nasal)
|
|
|
Necon 1/35
|
norethindrone + ethinyl estradiol
|
|
|
Zyprexa
|
olanzapine
|
|
|
Requip
|
ropinirole
|
|
|
Hytrin
|
terazosin
|
|
|
Ditropan
|
oxybutynin
|
|
|
Avalide
|
irbesartan + HCTZ
|
|
|
Minocin
|
minocycline
|
|
|
Lotensone
|
clotrimazole + betamethasone
|
|
|
Avelox
|
moxifloxacin
|
|
|
Adipex-P
|
phentermine
|
|
|
Fioricet
|
butalbital + acetaminophen caffeine
|
|
|
Flovent
|
fluticasone
|
|
|
Ziac
|
bisoprolol + HCTZ
|
|
|
Boniva
|
ibandronate
|
|
|
Cheratussin
|
codeine + guaifenesin
|
|
|
Cheratussin DAC
|
codeine + guaifenesin + pseudoephedrine
|
|
|
Relafen
|
nabumetone
|
|
|
Duragesic
|
fentanyl
|
|
|
Proscar
|
finasteride
|
|
|
NuvaRing
|
etonogestrel + ethinyl estradiol
|
|
|
Xopenex
|
levalbuterol
|
|
|
Evista
|
raloxifene
|
|
|
Yaz
|
droxpirenone + ethinyl estradiol
|
|
|
Zovirax
|
acyclovir
|
|
|
Benicar
|
olmesartan
|
|
|
Glucovance
|
glyburide + metformin
|
|
|
Remeron
|
mirtazapine
|
|
|
Combivent
|
ipratropium + albuterol
|
|
|
Cialis
|
tadalafil
|
|
|
Antivert
|
meclizine
|
|
|
Bactroban
|
mupirocin
|
|
|
Dilantin
|
phenytoin extended release
|
|
|
Cardura
|
doxazosin
|
|
|
Detrol LA
|
tolterodine
|
|
|
Lopid
|
gemfibrozil
|
|
|
Avapro
|
irbesartan
|
|
|
Voltaren
|
diclofenac
|
|
|
Aricept
|
donepezil
|
|
|
Benicar HCT
|
olmesartan + HCTZ
|
|
|
Accupril
|
quinapril
|
|
|
Lunesta
|
eszopiclone
|
|
|
Reglan
|
metoclopramide
|
|
|
Spiriva
|
tiotropium
|
|
|
Hyzaar
|
losartan + HCTZ
|
|
|
Aciphex
|
rabeprazole
|
|
|
Lotensin
|
benazepril
|
|
|
Avandia
|
rosiglitazone
|
|
|
Chantix
|
varenicline
|
|
|
Kenalog
|
triamcinolone (topical)
|
|
|
Depakote
|
divalproex
|
|
|
Macrodantin
|
nitrofurantoin macrocrystals
QID |
|
|
Macrobid
|
nitrofurantoin monohydrate macrocrystals
BID |
|
|
Amaryl
|
glimepiride
|
|
|
Concerta
|
methylphenidate
|
|
|
Restoril
|
temazepam
|
|
|
Lyrica
|
pregabalin
|
|
|
Halcion
|
triazolam
|
|
|
Tri-Cyclen Lo
|
norgestimate + ethinyl estradiol (triphasic)
|
|
|
Procardia
|
nifedipine
|
|
|
Omnicef
|
cefdinir
|
|
|
Calan
|
verapamil
|
|
|
Taztia
|
diltiazem
|
|
|
Isoptin
|
verapamil
|
|
|
Actonel
|
risedronate
|
|
|
Imdur
|
isosorbide mononitrate
|
|
|
Yasmin
|
drospirenone + ethinyl estradiol
|
|
|
Ortho Tri-Cyclen
|
norgestimate + ethinyl estradiol
|
|
|
Altace
|
ramipril
|
|
|
Viagra
|
sildenafil
|
|
|
Tricor
|
fenofibrate
|
|
|
Nasonex
|
mometasone (intranasal)
|
|
|
Flomax
|
tamsulosin
|
|
|
Medrol
|
methylprednisolone
|
|
|
Cardizem
|
diltiazem
|
|
|
Vibramycin
|
doxycycline
|
|
|
Zyloprim
|
allopurinol
|
|
|
Actos
|
pioglitazone
|
|
|
Coreg
|
carvedilol
|
|
|
Diovan-HCT
|
valsartan + hydrochlorothiazide
|
|
|
Vasotec
|
enalapril
|
|
|
Elavil
|
amitriptyline
|
|
|
Levaquin
|
levofloxacin
|
|
|
Adderall XR
|
amphetamine + dextroamphetamine salts
|
|
|
Zetia
|
ezetimibe
|
|
|
Lotrel
|
amlodipine + benazepril
|
|
|
Glucotrol
|
glipizide
|
|
|
Mevacor
|
lovastatin
|
|
|
Desyrel
|
trazodone
|
|
|
Zestoretic
|
lisinopril + hydrochlorothiazide
|
|
|
Prinizide
|
lisinopril + HCTZ
|
|
|
Maxzide
|
triamterene + HCTZ
|
|
|
Dyazide
|
triamterene + HCTZ
|
|
|
Vytorin
|
ezetimibe + simvastatin
|
|
|
Klonopin
|
clonazepam
|
|
|
Prevacid
|
lansoprazole
|
|
|
Darvocet
|
propoxyphene + APAP
|
|
|
Lopressor
|
metoprolol tartrate
|
|
|
Norvasc
|
amlodipine
|
|
|
Toprol
|
metoprolol tartrate
|
|
|
Toprol XL
|
metoprolol succinate
|
|
|
Proventil
|
albuterol
|
|
|
Ventolin
|
albuterol
|
|
|
Zocor
|
simvastatin
|
|
|
Tenormin
|
atenolol
|
|
|
Glucophage
|
metformin
|
|
|
Prinivil
|
lisinopril
|
|
|
Dacodyl
|
bisacodyl
|
|
|
Colestid
|
colestipol
|
|
|
Questran
|
cholestyramine
|
|
|
Duetact
|
pioglitazone + glimepiride
|
|
|
Cytotec
|
misoprostol
|
|
|
Mysoline
|
primidone
|
|
|
Fiorinal
|
butalbital + aspirin + caffeine
(Fiorinal with Codeine also available) |
|
|
Carbatrol
|
carbamazepine
|
|
|
Equetro
|
carbamazepine
|
|
|
Foradil
|
formoterol
|
|
|
Brethine
|
terbutaline
|
|
|
Maxair
|
pirbuterol
|
|
|
Capoten
|
captopril
|
|
|
Dolobid
|
diflunisal
NSAID/salycilic acid derivative |
|
|
Nardil
|
phenelzine
|
|
|
Marplan
|
isocarboxazid
MAOI antidepressant |
|
|
Zaroxolyn
|
metolazone
|
|
|
Equanil
|
meprobamate
sedative anxiolytic (affects the thalamus and limbic systems) |
|
|
Hytrin
|
terazosin
|
|
|
carbamazepine indications
|
partial seizures
generalized tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal) mixed seizure patterns trigeminal neuralgia glossopharyngeal neuralgia Equetro is labeled for biopolar 1 acute manic or mixed episodes unlabeled use: restless leg syndrome, PTSD, alcohol withdrawal |
