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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Application software
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software that enables you to solve specific problems or perform specific tasks.
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Artificial intelligence (AI)
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the science of making machines imitate human thinking and behavior.
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Banner ad
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a small ad on one Web site that advertises the products and services of another business, usually another dot-com business.
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Central processing unit (CPU)
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the actual hardware that interprets and executes the software instructions and coordinates how all the other hardware devices work together.
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Collaboration system
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a system that is designed specifically to improve the performance of teams by supporting the sharing and flow of information.
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Culture
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the collective personality of a nation or society, encompassing language, traditions, currency, religion, history, music, and acceptable behavior, among other things.
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Customer-integrated system (CIS)
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an extension of a TPS that places technology in the hands of an organization's customers and allows them to process their own transactions.
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Data
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raw facts that describe a particular phenomenon.
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Decentralized computing
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an environment in which an organization splits computing power and locates it in functional business areas as well as on the desktops of knowledge workers.
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Digital economy
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marked by the electronic movement of all types of information, not limited to numbers, words, graphs, and photos but including physiological information such as voice recognition and synthesization, biometrics (your retina scan and breath for example), and 3-D holograms.
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Electronic commerce
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commerce, but it is commerce accelerated and enhanced by information technology, in particular, the Internet.
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Electronic data interchange (EDI)
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the direct computer-to-computer transfer of transaction information contained in standard business documents, such as invoices and purchase orders, in a standard format.
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Ethics
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the principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other people.
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Executive information system (EIS)
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a highly interactive IT system that allows you to first view highly summarized information and then choose how you would like to see greater detail, which may alert you to potential problems or opportunities.
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External information
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describes the environment surrounding the organization.
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Global economy
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one in which customers, businesses, suppliers, distributors, and manufacturers all operate without regard to physical and geographical boundaries.
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Group document database
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a powerful storage facility for organizing and managing all documents related to specific teams.
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Groupware
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the popular term for the software component that supports the collaborative efforts of a team.
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Hacker
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a very knowledgeable computer user who uses his or her knowledge to invade other people's computers.
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Hardware
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the physical devices that make up a computer (often referred to as a computer system).
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Information
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data that have a particular meaning within a specific context.
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Information age
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a time when knowledge is power.
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Information granularity
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the extent of detail within the information.
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Information-literate knowledge workers
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can define what information they need, know how and were to obtain that information, understand the information once they receive it, and act appropriately based on the information to help the organization achieve the greatest advantage.
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Information technology (IT)
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any computer-based tool that people use to work with information and support the information and information-processing needs of an organization.
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Input device
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a tool you use to capture information and commands.
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Internal information
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information that describes specific operational aspects of the organization.
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Interorganizational system (IOS)
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automates the flow of information between organizations to support the planning, design, development, production, and delivery of products and services.
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Intranet
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an internal organizational Internet that is guarded against outside access by a special security feature called a firewall (which can be software, hardware, or a combination of the two).
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Knowledge worker
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works with and produces information as a product.
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Management information systems (MIS)
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deals with the planning for, development, management, and use of information technology tools to help people perform all tasks related to information processing and management.
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M-commerce
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the term used to describe electronic commerce conducted over a wireless device such as a cell phone or personal digital assistant.
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Neural network (often called an artificial neural network or ANN)
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an artificial intelligence system that is capable of finding and differentiating patterns.
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Objective information
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quantifiably describes something that is known.
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Online analytical processing (OLAP)
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the manipulation of information to support decision making.
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Online transaction processing (OLTP)
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the gathering of input information, processing that information, and updating existing information to reflect the gathered and processed information.
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Operating system software
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system software that controls your application software and manages how your hardware devices work together.
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Operational management
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manages and directs the day-to-day operations and implementations of the goals and strategies.
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Output device
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a tool you use to see, hear, or otherwise accept the results of your information-processing requests.
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RAM (random access memory)
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temporary storage that holds the information you're working with, the application software you're using, and the operating system software you're using.
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Shared information
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an environment in which an organization's information is organized in one central location, allowing anyone to access and use it as he or she needs to.
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Software
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the set of instructions that your hardware executes to carry out a specific task for you.
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Storage device
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a tool you use to store information for use at a later time.
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Strategic management
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provides an organization with overall direction and guidance.
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Subjective information
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attempts to describe something that is unknown.
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System software
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handles tasks specific to technology management and coordinates the interaction of all technology devices.
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Tactical management
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develops the goals and strategies outlined by strategic management.
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Technology-literate knowledge worker
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a person who knows how and when to apply technology.
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Telecommunications device
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a tool you use to send information to and receive it from another person or location.
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Telecommuting
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the use of communications technologies (such as the Internet) to work in a place other than a central location.
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Transaction processing system (TPS)
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a system that processes transactions that occur within an organization.
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Transnational firm
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firm that produces and sells products and services in countries all over the world.
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Utility software
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software that provides additional functionality to your operating system.
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Virtual workplace
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a technology-enabled workplace. No walls. No boundaries. Work anytime, anyplace, linked to other people and information you need, wherever they are.
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