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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Information Granularity |
extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed or coarse and abstract) |
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4 Primary traits of the value of information |
Information type Information timeliness Information quality Information governance |
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Real-Time information |
Immediate, up-to-date information |
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Real-time systems |
Provide real-time information in response to requests |
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Information inconsistency |
When the same data element has different values |
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Information integrity issues |
when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate data |
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Data governance |
overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of company data |
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Database |
maintains information about various type of objects, events, people and places |
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Database management system (DBMS) |
creates, reads, update and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security |
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Query by example (QBE) tool |
helps users graphically design the answer to a question against a database |
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Structured query language (SQL)
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asks users to write lines of code to answer questions against a database
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Data element (data field) |
smallest or basic unit of information |
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Data models |
logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements using graphics or pictures |
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Metadata |
provides details about data |
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Data dictionary |
compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model |
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Relational database model |
stores information in the form of logically related two demential tables |
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Relational database management system |
Allows users to create, read, update and delete data in a relational database |
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Entity
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stores information about a person, place, thing, transition or event
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Attributes |
the data elements associated with an entity |
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Record |
collection of related data elements |
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Primary keys |
a field that uniquely identifies a given record in a table |
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Foreign key |
Primary ey of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables |
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Physical view of information |
physical storage of information on a storage device |
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Logical view of information |
how individual users logically access information to meet their own particular business needs |
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Information redundancy |
the duplication of data or storage of the same data in multiple places |
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Information inegrity |
A measure of the quality of information |
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Integrity constraints |
Rules that help ensure the quality of information |
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Relational integrity constraints |
rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based contraints |
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Business rule |
defines how a company performs certain aspects of its business and typically results in either a yes/no or true/false answer |
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Business-critical integrity constraints |
enforce business rules vital to an organizations success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints |
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Content creator |
the person responsible for creating the original website content |
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Content editor |
the person responsible for updating and maintaining website content |
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Static information |
fixed data incapable of change in the event of user action |
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Dynamic information |
data that changes based on users actions |
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Dynamic catalog |
an area of a website that stores information about products in a database |
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Data-driven website |
An interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers using a database |
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Data warehouse |
Logical collection of information, gathered from many different operational databases, that supports business analysis actives and decision-making tasks |
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Extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL) |
process that extracts information from internal and external databases, transforms it using a commons et of enterprise definitions, and loads it into a data warehouse |
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Information cube
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The common term for the representation of multidimensional information
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Data mart |
subset of data warehouse information |
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Information cleansing or scrubbing |
processes that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect or incomplete information |
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Data quality audits |
determine the accuracy and completeness of its data |
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Data mining |
The process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone |
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Data-mining tools |
variety of techniques to find patters & relationships in large volumes of information that predict future behavior and guide decision making |
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Untructured data |
do not exist in a fixed location and can include text documents, PDFs, voice messages, e-mails |
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Text mining |
analyzes unstructured data to find trends & patters in words and sentences |
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Web mining |
analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer behavior and website navigation |
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Cluster analysis |
Technique to divide information sets into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and different groups are as far apart as possible |
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Association detection |
reveals the relationship between variables along with the nature and frequency of the relationships |
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Market basket analysis |
Analyzes such items as website and checkout scanner information to detect customers' buying behavior and predict future behavior by identifying affinities among customers' choices of product and services |
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Statistical analysis |
preforms such functions as information correlations, distributions, calculations and variance analysis |
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Time-series information |
Time-stamped information collected at a particular frequency |
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Forcasts |
Predictions based on time-series information |
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Informing |
Accessing large amounts of data from different management information systems |
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Infographics (information graphics) |
displays information graphically so it can be easily understood |
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data visualization |
describes technologies that allow users to "see" or visualize data to transformation into business perspective |
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Data visualization tools |
Sophisticated analysis techniques such as pie charts, controls, instruments, maps, time-series graphs, etc |
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Business intelligence dashboards |
track corporate metics as critical success factors and key performance indicators and include advanced capabilities such as interactive controls allowing users to manipulate data for analysis |
