Mircobiology Test 5

Front 1

Define infection

Back 1

When pathogenic microorganisms penetrate the host cell

Front 2

Define infectious disease

Back 2

The distruptin of a tissue or organ caused by microbes of their product

Front 3

Define resident biota

Back 3

The ambndance of microorganisms found in it in the the human body

Front 4

What are locations of resident biota

Back 4

Skin, respiratory tract, lungs, external ear canal, vagina

Front 5

Define microbial antagonism

Back 5

The effect of beneficial microbes of normal biota

Front 6

Describe endospores infections

Back 6

Caused by biota already present in the body

Front 7

What can endospores infections cause

Back 7

Pink eye

Front 8

What are factors that weaken the host defenses against infections

Back 8

Age, genetic defects, surgery, chemotherapy, stress

Front 9

Describe initial colonoziation of the newborn

Back 9

Fetus are seeded with normal microbiota in the utero

Front 10

When does exposure occur in this process

Back 10

During the birthing process

Front 11

What are ways you can get this

Back 11

Bottle feeding, breast feeding, hospital staff

Front 12

Define opportunistic pathogens

Back 12

Cause disease when the host defenses are compromised

Front 13

What is the first stage in the process of infection

Back 13

Portals of entry( infectious agent enter the skin)

Front 14

Describe stage one of the process of an infection

Back 14

Microbes enter the tissues by a charastic route through the skin, respiratory tract, or GI tract

Front 15

Define exogenous

Back 15

Originally from a source outside the body

Front 16

What is the second stage of the infection process

Back 16

Adhesion

Front 17

Define adhesion

Back 17

Attachment to the host cell

Front 18

What is the third stage in the process of infection

Back 18

Surviving the host defenses

Front 19

Define phagocytes

Back 19

White blood cell, enguif and destroy pathogen by means of enzyme and antimicrobial chemical

Front 20

What is the fourth step in the process of infection

Back 20

Causing disease

Front 21

What are the three main ways that microbes cause damage to hosts

Back 21

Secreting proteins that directly damage host cell, by causing an overreaction by the body defenses, by altering the host cell genome

Front 22

Define asymptotic

Back 22

The patient experienced no symptoms

Front 23

What is step five of the process of infection

Back 23

Vacating the host portals of exit

Front 24

Describe step 5

Back 24

Respiratory and salivery, skin scales, fecal exit, bleeding or removal of blood

Front 25

What are the four phases of infection

Back 25

Incubation period, produmal stage, period of invasion, convalescent period

Front 26

Describe the incubation period

Back 26

The time from the initial contact with the infectious agent to the appearance of the final symptoms

Front 27

Epidemiology

Back 27

The study of frequency of diseases and other health related factors

Front 28

Describe the prodromal stage

Back 28

Short period, light symptoms

Front 29

Describe the period of invasion

Back 29

Peak activity, the infectious agent multiplies at high levels

Front 30

What is the name of the fifth stage of infection which only sir infections have

Back 30

Continuation

Front 31

Define reservoirs

Back 31

Primary habitant in the natural world from which a pathogen exist, permanent place to reside

Front 32

Describe living reservoir carrier

Back 32

Individual who inconspicuously shelters a pathogen, can spread to others

Front 33

Do convalescent patient have symptoms

Back 33

No

Front 34

Define zoonosis

Back 34

Infection spread between humans and animals

Front 35

Describe communicable

Back 35

Microbe that causes disease can be transmitted from infected host to another host

Front 36

Non communicable

Back 36

Cause by weakened immune system

Front 37

Prevelance is the

Back 37

total number of cases

Front 38

Incidence is the

Back 38

Number of new cases

Front 39

Mortality is the

Back 39

Number of death due to cases

Front 40

Define endemic

Back 40

Infectious disease that exhibits a relatively steady frequency over a long period of time

Front 41

Define sporadic

Back 41

Occasional cases are repeated at irregular latenals

Front 42

Define pandemic

Back 42

The spread of an epidemic across continents

Front 43

Name the gi tract diseases caused by microorganisms

Back 43

Tooth and gum infections, mumps, salmonella, campylobacter, chorea, giardia, entamoeba, taenia Solium

Front 44

What are the most common infections disease in humans

Back 44

Dental or tooth decay

Front 45

What is dental or tooth decay caused by

Back 45

Streptocus mutants and streptocus sabrinus

Front 46

Describe pariodontal disease

Back 46

Extremely common

Front 47

What is the initial stage of paridontal disease

Back 47

Gingivitis

Front 48

What are the symptoms of the mumps

Back 48

Fever, nasal discharge, muscle pain, inflammation of salivary glands

Front 49

Vaccine for mumps

Back 49

MMR vaccine

Front 50

Describe salmonella

Back 50

Not just chicken, raw peanuts

Front 51

Is the salmonella bacteria motile

Back 51

Yes

Front 52

Symptoms of salmonella

Back 52

Vomiting, diarrhea

Front 53

Describe campylobacter

Back 53

Considered the most common bacterial case of diarrhea in the u.s

Front 54

Symptoms of campylobacter

Back 54

Watery diarrhea

Front 55

What are the symptoms of chorera

Back 55

Vomiting, muscle cramps, watery feces, severe thirst, sunken eyes

Front 56

Treatment for chorera

Back 56

Replacement of water and electrolytes

Front 57

Describe giardia

Back 57

A pathogenic flagelled protozoan first observed first observed by Antoine van

Front 58

Describe entamoeba

Back 58

Tissue damage the annoeba secrets enzymes that dissolve tissue

Front 59

Describe taenia solium

Back 59

The pork tapeworm, around 5 meters long, contains a scolex

Front 60

How is taenia solium ingested

Back 60

Undercooked meats