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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Minerals are defined as ..?
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a naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystalline structure
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Inorganic?
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not made from living things , no carbon, diamond is exception
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What makes up rocks?
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MINERALS!
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What is a crystal?
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Mineral crystals are solid, geometric forms that are produced by repeating pattern of atoms
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Silicate Minerals
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contain a combination of silicon and oxygen
Ex. quartz, feldspar, and mica |
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Nonsilicate Minerals
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do not contain a combination of the elements silicon and oxygen
Ex. calcite, fluorite, and gypsum |
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What are the ways to Identify Minerals?
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color, luster, streak, cleavage and fracture, density, and hardness
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Color
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minerals display a large variety of colors and can be found in multiple colors- not the best way to identify becuase of impurities
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Luster
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the way a surface reflects light METALLIC = shinny, submetallic or nonmetallic = dull luster
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Streak
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color of a mineral in powered form can be found by rubbing the mineral against a piece of unglazed porcelain called a streak plate
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Cleavage and Fracture
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way a mineral breaks is determined by the arrangment of its atoms
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Cleabave
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tendenct of some minerals to braek along smooth, flat surfaces
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Fracture
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tendeny of some minerals to braek unevenly along curved or irregular surfaces
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Density
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measure of how much matter is in a given amount of space different minerals have different densities
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hardness
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a minerals resistance to being scratched is called hardness to determine hardness of minerals scienttist use MOHS HARDNESS SCALE
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How to read the scale
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talc has rating of 1 and diamond has rating of 10 the greater a minerals resistance to being scartches is the higher a mienerals rating is
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