Minerals

Front 1

Gem Stones

Back 1

hard, colorful mineral that has a brilliant or glassy luster

Front 2

Gem

Back 2

when a gemstone is cut and polished

Front 3

Uses of Minerals

Back 3

metal tools and machinery, the metal filament in a light-bulb, even the steel girders used to frame office buildings all began as minerals inside Earth's crust

Front 4

Talc vs. Diamond

Back 4

softest mineral on the Moh's hardness scale. Diamond is the hardest

Front 5

Ores

Back 5

a rock that contains a metal or economically useful mineral

Front 6

When does a metal usually occur?

Back 6

usually occurs as a mineral that is a combination of that metal and other elements

Front 7

Prospecter

Back 7

anyone who searches for an ore deposit

Front 8

Mining

Back 8

3 types - Open Pit, Strip, Shaft mining.

Front 9

Strip Mining

Back 9

Earth moving equipment scrapes away soil to expose ore

Front 10

Open Pit

Back 10

Miners use giant earth moving equipment to dig a tremendous pit

Front 11

Shaft Mines

Back 11

all deposit that occurs in veins, minors big shaft mines. have a network of tunnels that extend deep into the ground following veins of ore

Front 12

Smelting

Back 12

the process by which ore is melted to separate the useful metals from other elements the ore contains

Front 13

Alloy

Back 13

solid mixture of two or more metals

Front 14

Rust Resistance Steel

Back 14

for this, the metal's chromium and nickel are added

Front 15

Carbonate Group

Back 15

if the rock fizzes in the presence of an acid it belongs to this group. contain limestone and/or coke which is rich in carbon

Front 16

Vitamins and Mineral

Back 16

vitamin-organic, made of plant matter therefore not a mineral. mineral-inorganic

Front 17

Most Common Shape of a Mineral

Back 17

Cubic

Front 18

5 Characteristics

Back 18

Inorganic, Naturally Occurring, Solid, Crystal Structure, Definite Chemical Composition

Front 19

Hardness

Back 19

Moh's Hardness Scale ranks ten minerals from softest to hardest.

Front 20

Color

Back 20

physical property.

Front 21

Streak

Back 21

the color of its powder. tested by a streak plate (unglazed tile).

Front 22

Luster

Back 22

term used to describe how a mineral reflects light from its surface.

Front 23

Density

Back 23

How heavy a mineral is. tested by heft.

Front 24

Cleavage

Back 24

A mineral that splits easily along flat surfaces has the property

Front 25

Fracture

Back 25

describes how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way

Front 26

Crystal Systems

Back 26

when minerals grow atom by atom to form that mineral's crystal system. 6 groups called crystal systems based on number and angle of crystal faces.

Front 27

Special Properties

Back 27

some minerals have special mineral properties

Front 28

Crystallization

Back 28

the process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure

Front 29

Minerals Formed From Magma

Back 29

Form as hot magma cools inside the crust or as lava hardens on the surface when these liquids cool to the solid state they form crystals

Front 30

Factors of The Size of a Crystal

Back 30

the rate at which magma cools, the amount of gas magma contains, chemical composition of the magma

Front 31

Solution

Back 31

mixture in which one substance (solute) dissolves in another (solvent)

Front 32

Mineral from Hot Water Solution

Back 32

elements that form a mineral dissolve in hot water, magma heated the water to high temps beneath earth's surface. dissolved minerals form solutions. when water cools it forms crystals

Front 33

Minerals at Mid-Ocean Ridge

Back 33

minerals form from solution where tectonic plate spread apart along mid-ocean ridges.

Front 34

Minerals Formed by Evaporation

Back 34

solvent in the solution evaporates leaving the solute as a crystal