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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What do you call the study of minerals, their occurence, properties, composition and classification?
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Mineralogy
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What are the 5 things to determine something is a mineral?
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1. inorganic
2. definite chemical composition 3. solid 4. crystalline 5. naturally occuring |
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What do you call the relative scratchability--harder minerals can scratch softer minerals, softer minerals cannot scratch harder minerals?
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Hardness
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What is the softest mineral?
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Talc
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What is the hardest mineral?
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Diamond
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What do you call the scale----a standard of ten minerals by which the hardness of minerals can be rated?
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Moh's Hardness Scale
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What do you call the color of the solid mineral...unreliable?
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Color
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What do you call the color of the finely powdered minerak as seen on a white porcelain streak plate?
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Streak
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What do you call the irregular breakage of the mineral?
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Fracture
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What are the 4 types of fracture?
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1. Conchoidal
2. Splintery 3. Hackly 4. Uneven |
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--------means smooth, curved fracture resembling the interior surface of a shell; most commonly observed in glass and quartz
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Conchoidal
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--------means the mineral breaks into splinters
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Splintery
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----------means the mineral has jagged fractures with sharp edges
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Hackly
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--------meam the fratcures of the mineral produces rough, irregula surfaces
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Uneve or irregular
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What do you call the breakage of minerals along surfaces related to crystal structure....rated as perfect, good, distinct, or indistinct?
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Cleavage
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-----------------means the number of times heavier than water, related to density.
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Specific Gravity
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What equation is used to find the specific gravity?
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Density=Mass/Volume
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What do you call the manner in which crystal planes are oriented to each other?
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crystal system
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--------tree unequal axes all intersecting at oblique angles.
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triclinic
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-------------3 unequal axes, 2 of which are inclined to each other at an oblique angle, and the 3rd perpendicular to the plane of the the other 2.
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monoclinic
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---------- 3 mutually perpendicular axes all of different lengths.
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orthorhombic
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----------3 mutually perpendicular axes, 2 of which (the horizontal axes) are of equal lenght, and the 3rd is shorter than the other 2.
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Tetragonal
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----------having 4 zxes, 3 equal horizontal axes intersecting each other at angles of 120degress, the 4th axes of different length and perpendicular to the plane of the other 3.
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Hexagonal
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------------ 3 mutually perpendicular axes all the of the same length.
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Isometric
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What word means the general appearance of a mineral surface in reflected light?
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Luster
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--------the appearance of shiny metal.
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metallic
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---------having the appearance of glass.
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Vitreous
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--------having the appearance of resin.
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Resinous
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--------having an iridescent pearl-like luster.
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Pearly
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---------having the appearance of soil or clump of dirt.
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Earthy
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--------appears to be covered with a thin layer of oil.
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Greasy
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---------appearing to be composed of fine fibers, silk-like.
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Silky
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---------hard, brilliant luster like that of a diamond.
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Adamantine
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What word means the resistance of a mineral to breakage?
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Tenacity
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--------shatters easily
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brittle
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--------can be pounded into thin sheets.
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Malleable
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--------can be stretched into thin wire.
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ductile
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---------can easily be deformed.
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flexible
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-----------can be deformed, but always returns to its original shape.
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elastic
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What word means glowing in the prescence of ultraviolet light?
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Fluorescence
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What word means the ability to split a beam of light into two seperate beams of different velocity?
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Birefringence/ double-refraction
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What do you call any metal that is found in its metallic form, either pure or as an alloy, in nature?
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Native Metal
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What do you call a mixture of mineralised material from which at least one of the contained minerals can be mined and processed at an economic profit?
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ore
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