Mind-Brain Type Identity

Front 1

Swan example

Back 1

A swan is a bird (biological property) and is white (colour property) it is made up of different properties though both are physical.

Hint 1

Different properties

Front 2

Type identity theory

Back 2

Mental properties just are physical properties of the brain. Thinking a thought is exactly the same as neuron 1.395 firing and having a belief is the same thing as certain neurons existing.

Hint 2

Neurons

Front 3

Evidence that formed type identity

Back 3

That mental events and states are very closely dependent on the brain so many people now thing that the mind is the brain.

Hint 3

Mental events being linked

Front 4

The mental is actually ...

Back 4

Neurophysiological

Hint 4

Neuro...

Front 5

This claim needs to be distinguished from...

Back 5

The claim that mental states are correlated with brain states. having a heart is correlated with having kidneys every animal has them. However, they are not the same thing

Hint 5

Kidneys and hearts

Front 6

Pointing out that every particular brain state also has a particular mental state doesn't show...

Back 6

That mental states and brain states are the same thing. Correlation is not identity, we need to use philosophy not science.

Hint 6

Correlation is not identity

Front 7

Mental and brain states may not seem the same because ...

Back 7

We have different ways of knowing about these properties. Through experience and through neuroscience.

Hint 7

Different ways

Front 8

Many things turn out to be things they don't seem to be example...

Back 8

Solid objects are mostly empty space, water is just hydrogen and oxygen.

Hint 8

Solids and water

Front 9

Type identity is a form of...

Back 9

Reduction

Hint 9

Begins with r

Front 10

Ontological reduction

Back 10

Involves the claim that the things in one domain are identical with some of the things in another domain e.g heat is just molecular energy

Hint 10

Domains

Front 11

There is nothing more to mental properties than...

Back 11

Being a physical property

Hint 11

Physical p

Front 12

J.J.C smart says that the motivation for type identity is...

Back 12

Ockhams razor

Hint 12

O. R

Front 13

Ockhams razor:

Back 13

If there are no favourable arguments in terms of dualism then we should reject this idea as science indicates they physical properties of the brain are a good candidate for what mental properties are.

Hint 13

Not in favour , science

Front 14

Contingent identity claim

Back 14

The claim is not that the concept that 'pain' means 'the firing of nociceptors', it is not offering definitions and is not meant to be analytically true. It is the claim that both concepts refer to the same thing in the world. The firing of nociceptors' is what pain is. TWO CONCEPTS ONE PROPERTY.

Hint 14

TWO CONCEPTS ONE PROPERTY.

Front 15

Smarts claim is:

Back 15

Non-analytic, a synthetic, identity claim

Hint 15

Synthetic

Front 16

Multiple realisability of mental states PUTNAM:

Back 16

Mental properties are not identical to physical properties because the same mental state can be related to different physical properties. the brain states that relate to pain may well be different in different species but pain is the same mental state. if this is true there are creatures who when they are in pain have different physical properties from us when we are in pain. Being in pain cannot be exactly identical to having a particularly physical property. This is an empirical theory but is very plausible. Can also use the example of extra terrestrials who have evolved very differently to us.

Hint 16

E.t and animals