Miller Government Ch. 23

Front 1

foreign policy

Back 1

Anation's political and economic goals with respect to other nations; the techniques and strategies used to achieve those goals

Front 2

national security

Back 2

The nation's protection from unwanted interference, threat, or takeover from other nations. A sense of freedom and independence for the nation.

Front 3

defense policy

Back 3

Policies that further the defense of the nation, particularly through military preparedness

Front 4

isolationism

Back 4

A political policy of noninvolvement in world affairs.

Front 5

Monroe Doctrine

Back 5

In 1823 President Monroe defined foreign policy in his State of the Union Address based on 3 principles: 1) Europe should not establish any new colonies in the Western Hemisphere, 2) European countries should not interfere in the affairs of free countries in the Western Hemisphere, 3) the United States would not interfere in the affairs of European nations.

Front 6

interventionism

Back 6

A political policy of changing or preserving the internal political affairs of foreign nations.

Front 7

colonial empire

Back 7

A group of colonized nations held under the control of one imperial power.

Front 8

neutrality

Back 8

A position of not being aligned with one side or another in a dispute or conflict such as war.

Front 9

superpowers

Back 9

Nations with the greatest economic and military power.

Front 10

Marshall plan

Back 10

A massive plan of economic development aid to the European countries after WWII. Named after Secretary of State George Marshall

Front 11

communism

Back 11

Economic and political system based on the theories of Karl Marx. All economic assets are shared by all people and directed by the government, with each citizen compensated according to their needs.

Front 12

Communist bloc

Back 12

A group of countries that fell under the control of the USSR after WWII

Front 13

containment

Back 13

A U.S. Political policy first adopted by the Truman administration to keep communism within its existing boundaries and thus "build situations of strength" around the globe.

Front 14

collective security

Back 14

The policy of forming international defense alliances to increase the security of each member nation.

Front 15

Western bloc

Back 15

The democratic nations that emerged victorious after WWII, led by the U.S.

Front 16

iron curtain

Back 16

Described the political boundaries between the democratic countries in Europe and communist countries of Eastern Europe under Soviet control

Front 17

Cold War

Back 17

The ideological, political, and economic impasse that existed between the USSR and the United States after WWII.

Front 18

deterrence

Back 18

The United States policy of using the threat of massive retaliation to discourage its enemies after WWII

Front 19

mutual-assured destruction (MAD)

Back 19

The theory that as long as the US and the USSR both had massive, secure, and invulnerable nuclear forces neither one would be willing to go to war.

Front 20

intelligence

Back 20

Information gathered about the abilities and intentions of foreign governments

Front 21

foreign service

Back 21

The cadre of officials in the State Department who serve in foreign countries

Front 22

embassy

Back 22

The official residence and offices of the ambassador

Front 23

ambassador

Back 23

A diplomat of high rank that represents his or her country to a foreign government.

Front 24

charge d'affaires

Back 24

Member of the embassy that ranks lower than the ambassador, but may be called on to perform some of the ambassadors duties.

Front 25

attache

Back 25

Member of the embassy that serves in a specific capacity.

Front 26

consulate

Back 26

Office of the consul

Front 27

consul

Back 27

A member of the American consulate whoe job is to promote American business interests in foreign cities

Front 28

passport

Back 28

Government issued cerificates that identify persons as citizens of that government's country and authorizes that person to travel abroad.

Front 29

visa

Back 29

A permit to enter a country issued by the country one wishes to enter

Front 30

draft

Back 30

compulsory service in the military

Front 31

conscription

Back 31

Compulsory enrollment in the armed services.

Front 32

human rights

Back 32

Term referring to the rights and privileges of all human beings.

Front 33

diplomacy

Back 33

The process by which states establish and maintain political relations with each other by such means as treaties, alliances, and agreements.

Front 34

summit meetings

Back 34

A conference between two or more heads of different nations

Front 35

alliance

Back 35

Association of two ormore nations joined together for mutual benefit.

Front 36

mutual defense alliance

Back 36

An agreement among allied nations to support one another in case of an attack by an enemy forrce

Front 37

multilateral treaties

Back 37

Treaties among 3 or more nations

Front 38

bilateral treaties

Back 38

Treaties between 2 nations.

Front 39

economic sanctions

Back 39

Refusal to trade with a foreign nation as a means to show disapproval of that nation's political or economic policies.