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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Electricity
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Key Terms/ Review Questions
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active electrode
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Electrode of an electrotherapy device that is used on the area to be treated.
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alternating current
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Rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite direction; produced by mechanical means and changes directions 60 times per second.
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ampere
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Unit that measures the amount of an electric current (quantity of electrons flowing through a conductor).
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anaphoresis
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Process of infusing an alkaline (negative) product into the tissues from the negative pole toward the positive pole.
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anode
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Positive electrode; it is usually red and is marked with a P or a plus (+) sign.
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blue light
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A light-emitting diode for use on clients with acne.
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cataphoresis
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Process of forcing an acidic (positive) product into deeper tissues using galvanic current from the positive pole toward the negative pole; tightens and calms the skin.
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cathode
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Negative electrode; it is usually black and is marked with a N or a minus (-) sign.
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chromophore
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A color component of the skin found at different depths, such as blood or melanin.
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circuit breaker
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Switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of overload.
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complete electric circuit
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The path of electric currents moving from the generating source through the conductors and back to the generating source.
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conductor
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Any substance, material, or medium that easily transmits electricity.
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converter
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Apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current.
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desincrustation
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Process used to soften and emulsify sebum and blackheads in the follicles.
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direct current
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Constant, even-flowing current that travels in one direction only and is produced by chemical means.
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electric current
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The flow of electricity through a conductor.
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electricity
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The movement of particles around an atom that creates pure energy; form of energy that, when in motion, exhibits magnetic, chemical, or thermal effects; a flow of electrons.
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electrode
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Applicator for directing the electric current from an electrotherapy device to the client's skin. (AKA probe).
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electromagnetic spectrum
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Made up of all forms of energy whose spectrum ranges from the longest waves to the shortest.
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electrotherapy
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The use of electrical devices to treat the skin and for therapeutic benefits.
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fuse
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A special device that prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit.
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galvanic current
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A constant and direct current; uses a positive and negative pole to produce the chemical reactions (desincrustation) and ionic reactions (iontophoresis).
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green light
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A light-emitting diode for use on clients with hyperpigmentation or for detoxifying the skin.
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grounding
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The ground connection completes the circuit and carries the current safely away to the ground.
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inactive electrode
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Opposite pole from the active electrode.
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infrared light
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Has longer wavelengths, penetrates more deeply, has less energy, and produces more heat than visible light; makes up 60% of natural sunlight.
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insulator
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Nonconductor; substance that does not easily transmit electricity.
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intense pulse light
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Light-device that uses multiple colors and wavelengths (broad spectrum) of focused light to treat spider veins, hyperpigmentation, rosacea/redness, wrinkles, enlarged hair follicles/ pores, and excessive hair.
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invisible light
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Light at either end of the visible spectrum of light that is invisible to the naked eye.
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iontophoresis
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Process of infusing water-soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current, such as the use of positive and negative poles of a galvanic machine or a microcurrent device.
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kilowatt
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1,000 watts.
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laser
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A medical device that uses electromagnetic radiation for hair removal and skin treatments.
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LED
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Acronym for light-emitting diode; a device that is used to reduce acne, increase skin circulation, and improve collagen content in the skin.
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light therapy
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The application of light rays to the skin for the treatment of acne, wrinkles, capillaries, pigmentation, or hair removal.
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microcurrent
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An extremely low level of electricity that mirrors the body's natural electrical impulses.
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milliampere
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mA; one-thousandth of an ampere.
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modalities
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Currents used in electrical facial and scalp treatments.
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ohm
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abb. O; unit that measures the resistance of an electric current.
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photothermolysis
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Process by which light from a laser is turned into heat.
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plug
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Two- or three-prong connector at the end of an electrical cord that connects an apparatus to an electrical outlet.
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polarity
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Negative or positive pole of an electric current.
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rectifier
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Apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current.
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red light
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A light-emitting diode for use on clients in the stimulation of circulation and collagen and elastin production.
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Tesla high-frequency current
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AKA violet ray; thermal or heat-producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibration that is commonly used for scalp and facial treatments.
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ultraviolet (UV) radiation
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Invisible rays that have short wavelengths, are the least penetrating rays, produce chemical effects, and kill germs.
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visible light
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The primary source of light used in facial and scalp treatments.
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volt
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V; unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor.
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watt
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W; measurement of how much electric energy is being used in one second.
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wavelength
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Distance between two successive peaks of electromagnetic waves.
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white light
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Referred to as combination light because it is a combination of all the visible rays of the spectrum.
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yellow light
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A light-emitting diode which aids in reducing inflammation and swelling.
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What does the acronym LASER stand for?
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light amplification stimulation emission of radiation
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