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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the primary focus of the esthetician?
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preserving
protecting nurishing |
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How should healthly skin look and feel?
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slightly moist
soft smooth (is somewhat acidic) |
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What are the appendages of the skin?
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hair
nails sebaceous glands sudoriferous glands |
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How much does an average person's skin weigh and approx. how many square feet is it?
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weighs 8-10 LBs
approx 22 Sq Ft |
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How much blood does the skin hold?
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1/2 to 2/3 rds
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How much of the primary immune cells does the skin hold?
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1/2 of the primary skin cells
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What is the INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM?
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Made up of the skin and its extensions. It is the largest organ in the body designed to regulate and protect.
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Name several parts of the Integumentary system.
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skin layers
nerves glands hair follicules cells |
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What are the 6 functions of the skin?
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protection
excretion secretion absorption sensation heat regulation |
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What is the acid mantle and what is it made of?
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Protective barrier
Made of: sebum, lipids, sweat, and water. Also known as the hydolipidic film. |
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What is the barrier function?
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Protective barrier of the epidermis.
Consists of the stratum corneum and intracellular cement. Protects us from environmental irratation and water loss due to evaporation. |
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What does TEWL stand for?
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Trans-Epidermal Water Loss
(caused by evaporation of water on the skins surface) |
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What are lipids?
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protective oils (fats)
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What is the intercellular cement?
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lipid substances between corneum cells that protect them from water loss and irritation. (morter between the bricks holding it all together)
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What does hydrolipidic mean?
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hydor=water lipidic=oil
Hydrolipidic film (acid mantle) is the water to oil balance on the surface of the skin. |
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What are Langerhans cells?
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"guard cells" in the skin
that recognize foreign invaders (bacteria) and call on the immune systerm to send out T-cells. |
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What are T-cells?
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Immune cells that protect us from infection.
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How does the body prevent from overheating?
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the blood vessles dialate and move closer to the surface of the skin
sweat glands excrete perspiration which vaporates on the skin |
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How does the body warm up?
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bld vessles constrict, bld flow decreases, contraction of the arrecor pili muscles cause goose bumps and shivering helps to warm us up
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Sweat is excreted through what 2 places?
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follicles and pores
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What glad secretes sebum?
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sebacious
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What % water does sebum contain?
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50-70%
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What is the name for sweat gland?
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suderiferous
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Where does absorption occur in the skin?
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cells
pores follicules |
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Def of the epidermis
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thin protective outer most layer of the skin
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What are the 5 layers of the epidermis
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top to bottom
stratum corneum stratum lucidum stratum grandulosum stratum spinosum stratum germinativum |
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Def of collagen
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fibrous connective tissue made from protein and found in the reticular layer of the skin-creates firmness
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Def of intracellular cement
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lipid substances between the corneum cells that protect them from H2O loss and irratation
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How often does our body turn-over skin cells?
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approx 28 days
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What % of the epidermis is dead protein cells?
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95%
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What is desquamation?
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shedding of dead skin cells
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What is the descriptive name for the stratum corneum?
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"horny layer"- scale looking cells made primarily of soft keratin
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Def of stratum corneum
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thin waterproof permeable layer that is regenerative, detoxifying and reponds to stimuli
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What are corneocyets?
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protective cells made in the stratum corneum - hardened kerinocytes
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What is the descriptive name for the stratum lucidum?
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"clear cells" - smaller cells that let light pass... (clear keratin)
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Def of stratum lucidum
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layer under the stratum corneum that creates epidermal rings that form on the hands and feet
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Def of keratin
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fiber protein found in the skin, hair and nails
provides resiliency and protection to the skin |
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Def of keratinocytes
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cells composed of keratin
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What is the descriptive name for the stratum granulosum?
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"grainy cells" cells resemble granules - they are full of keratin
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Def of straum granulosum?
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layer of the epidermis where cellular lipids and keratin are produced
these lipids form the skins barrier |
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What is the descriptive name for the stratum spinosum?
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"spiny layer"
cells cont to divide and change shape... enzymes create lipids and proteins |
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What is the descriptive word for the statum germinativum.
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"the growth layer" cell mitosis occures continuously at this layer
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Def of the statum germinativum
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composed of basil cellscell mitosis occurs continuously
melanocytes produce pigment granules here intracellular cement is produced here Merkel cells (sensory cells) touch receptors are here |
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What is the role of lymph vessels?
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provide nurishment and remove waste
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What are the 2 layers of the dermis?
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papillary
reticular |
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Def of the dermis
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live layer of connective tissue made of collagen protein and elastin fibers
provides support |
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How much thicker is the dermis than the epidermis?
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25x's
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What is contained in the dermis?
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capillaries
sebaceous oil glands/sweat glands nerves receptors arrector pili muscles blood and lymph vesseles provide nurishment |
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Def of the papillary layer of the dermis
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forms the epidermal dermal junction
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Def of the reticular layer of the dermis
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gives the skin strength and elasticity
comprises the base of the hair follicles, vessles, nerve endings collagen and elastin supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients |
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Def of ground structure
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fluid matrix in the dermis beneficial for hydrating
made up of hyaluronic acid and glycosamino |
