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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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tachysystole |
Excessive contractions |
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Hypertonus |
Excessive intrauterine pressureu |
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Uretoplacental perfusion |
Oxygenated blood flow from uterus to placenta |
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Maternal blood flow Maternal cardiac output Maternal hemoglobin concentration |
Factors contributing to fetal oxygenation, placental perfusion, and metabolic needs |
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Chronic compensated respiratory akalemia |
Physiologic adaptations in maternal pulmonary system that creates a greater capacity for oxygen transport and oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange in the placental bed |
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any condition that results in maternal anemia |
Inhibits oxygen transport to fetuS |
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Tetanic contractions |
Contractions lasting longer than 120 seconds
* uterine relaxation should last more than 30 secs between contractions |
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IUPC |
Intrauterine pressure catheter |
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Intrauterine resuscitation |
Reposition mother on side Admin O2 in non rebreather mask at 10 L per minute Admin IV bonus Admin 0.25 mg terbutaline subq |
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Hypotension |
Can be caused by regional/neuraxial anesthesia, causes sympathetic blockade that results in vasodilation, can be prevented by infusion 500-1000 mL prior to initiation of anesthetic, place Mother in lateral position and possibly admin ephedrine |
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Hypertension |
Decreased uretoplacental perfusion greater than 140/90 May indicated anti hypertensive therapy |
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Uretoplacental insufficieny UPI |
Compromised placental function or inadequate placental blood flow resulting in decreased oxygen to fetus
Indicated by late decelerations |
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Intrauterine growth restriction IUGR |
Chronic UPI |
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Accelerations |
Increased fetal heart rate |
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Decelerations |
Decreases in fetal heart rate |
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Contraction Duration
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To assess duration, count the number of little boxes between the beginning and the end of the contractions that appear as upward bell-shaped curves |
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Contraction Frequency
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Count the number of larger boxes between the beginning of one contraction and the beginning of the next
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periodic
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associated with uterine contractions
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episodic
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not associated with uterine contractions
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Fetal heart rate accelerations
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visually apparent abrupt increases in the FHR with the peak ≥15 beats per minute above the baseline, lasting ≥15 seconds from onset of the acceleration to return to baseline *Before 32 weeks' gestation, an acceleration is defined as having a peak of ≥10 beats per minute above baseline with a duration of ≥10 seconds. Prolonged accelerations last ≥2 minutes but <10 minutes. An acceleration lasting ≥10 minutes is a baseline change |
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Decelerations
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visually apparent decreases of the fetal heart rate below baseline. A decrease below baseline is described as gradual if there is 30 seconds or more from the onset (beginning) of the deceleration to the nadir (deepest point). A decrease below baseline is described as abrupt if there is less than 30 seconds from the onset of the deceleration to the beginning of the nadir.
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Early decelerations
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usually a result of pressure on the fetal head from uterine contractions. The contractions cause local changes in intracranial pressure and cerebral blood flow, which in turn causes stimulation of the vagus nerve. Early decelerations are frequently accompanied by variability. Because early decelerations are thought to be a normal reflex response, they usually require no intervention.
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Late Decelerations
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a visually apparent, usually symmetrical, gradual (≥30 sec. from onset of the deceleration to the nadir) decrease and return of the fetal heart rate associated with a uterine contraction. Generally, the onset, nadir, and recovery of the deceleration
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Overshoots
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exaggerated compensatory increases in the fetal heart rate after a variable deceleration. Overshoots are usually at least 10–20 bpm above the baseline range and are at least 20 seconds in duration. They are usually accompanied by minimal or absent variability and a gradual return to baseline fetal heart rate. Overshoots resemble accelerations; however, unlike accelerations, their significance in relation to fetal acid-base status is unclear
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