Midterm Vocabulary

Front 1

Gas

Back 1

no definate shape or volume

Front 2

Physical Property

Back 2

do not alter identity

Front 3

Kinetic Energy

Back 3

energy of motion

Front 4

Matter

Back 4

anything that has mass and volume

Front 5

Liquid

Back 5

no definate shape no definate volume

Front 6

Soild

Back 6

definate shape and volume

Front 7

Compound

Back 7

substances that contain 2 or more elements cemically combined in a fixed proportion

Front 8

Kelvin Scale

Back 8

Boiling 373K
Freezing 273K

Front 9

Law of Conservation of Matter

Back 9

matter is neither created or destroyed

Front 10

Absolute Zero

Back 10

theoretically the lowest tempeature that can be reached

Front 11

Joule

Back 11

the basic unit to energry im the international system of units

Front 12

Energy

Back 12

the capacity to do work or produce neat

Front 13

Heterogeneous Mixture

Back 13

mixture in witch the particles are uniformly intermingled and that therefore does not contain visably different parts

Front 14

Physical Change

Back 14

process by witch a substance undergoes a change that does not alter its idenity

Front 15

Periodic Table

Back 15

arrangement oth the elements in order of their atomic numbers so that elements with similar electron configureations are located in the same column

Front 16

Potential Energy

Back 16

stored energy or energy of position

Front 17

Percent Error

Back 17

relative terror as determined by finding the difference between an accepted value and multiplying the quotient by 100 percent

Front 18

Proton

Back 18

positivley charged particle within the nucleus of an atom; has a mass of 1.00720 amu

Front 19

Homgeneous Mixture

Back 19

mixture made up of uniformly intermingled particles that therefore does not contain visibly different parts

Front 20

Halogens

Back 20

reactive nonmetallic element in group 7A of the periodic table (flurine, chlorine, bromine, iodie, and astatine)

Front 21

Hypothesis

Back 21

proposed but unproved explanation of observerd facts

Front 22

Alkaline Earth Metals

Back 22

element in group 2Aof the periodic table (beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium)

Front 23

Alkali Metals

Back 23

element group 1A of the periodic table (lithium,sodium,potassium, rubidium, cesium, and fracium)

Front 24

Atomic Mass

Back 24

weighted average of the masses of the existing isotopes of an element

Front 25

Atomic Number

Back 25

number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Front 26

Atom

Back 26

smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical identity of the element;made up of negatively charged electrons, positively charged protons, and uncharged neutrons

Front 27

Dalton's Atomic Theory of Matter

Back 27

is a theory of the nature of matter, which states that matter is composed of discrete units called atoms, as opposed to the obsolete notion that matter could be divided into any arbitrarily small quantity

Front 28

Derived Unit

Back 28

unit in the International System of Units that result from a combination of base units

Front 29

Density

Back 29

mass of an object divuded by its volume; can be used to identify a substance

Front 30

Imternational System of Units

Back 30

system of units that ia an extension of the metric system; includes seven base units to measure length, mass, time, temperature, electric current, light intensity, and amount of a substance

Front 31

Ionic Compound

Back 31

compound of positive and negative ions combined so that the charges are neutralized; formed from a metal and nonmetal

Front 32

Ion

Back 32

atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge because it has lost or gained electrons

Front 33

Isotopes

Back 33

atom that has the same number of protons as another atom, but that has a different number of neutrons

Front 34

Molecular Formula

Back 34

chemical formula that indicates the numbers if each atom in a molecular compound

Front 35

Mass Number

Back 35

sum of the matter of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of a given atom

Front 36

Metals

Back 36

element that typically has a high melting point,is ductile, malleable, shinny, and a good conductor of heat and electricity; found on the left side of the periodic table and electricity; found on the left side of the periodic table

Front 37

Molecule

Back 37

netral group of atoms united by covalent bonds

Front 38

Mass

Back 38

quantity of matter in an object

Front 39

Empirical Formula

Back 39

chemical formula that gives the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of elements in a compound

Front 40

Endothermic

Back 40

process that absorbs heat

Front 41

Expthermic

Back 41

process that releases heat

Front 42

Electron

Back 42

negatively charged particle within an atom

Front 43

Conversion Factors

Back 43

Fraction having a value of 1 that is wrtten froma unit equality and is used to change a measurement from one unit to another

Front 44

Chemical Property

Back 44

characteristry concerned with the speed, or rate, at witch chemical reactions proceed

Front 45

Cations

Back 45

positive ion

Front 46

Noble Gases

Back 46

inactive element in group 8A of the periodic table (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon)

Front 47

Nonmetals

Back 47

element that has a low melting point and dull surface,breaks easily,is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, and tends to gain electrons in chemical reaction

Front 48

Neutron

Back 48

neutral particle within the nucleus of an atom

Front 49

Nucleus

Back 49

concentrated core of an atom, witch contains protons ans neutrons

Front 50

Chemistry

Back 50

study of the composition and properties of substances, and the change that such substances can undergo