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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Principle of uniformitarianism |
The natural laws and processes that operate in the universe now have always operated in the past and apply everywhere in the universe |
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Greenhouse gases ... |
... are transparent to short wavelengths, and visible wavelengths |
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The most brittle layer of the Earth is the _____ |
Lithosphere |
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The Mohorovicic discontinuity |
The region at the base of the crust in which seismic velocities change markedly |
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The __________ ____ is the boundary marked by the rise of oxygen in the geological time scale. |
2.5 Ga, the Archean-Proterzoic Boundary |
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Element |
Defined by the number of protons in the nucleus |
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Inner planets are rocky and outer planets are gaseous because ... |
... the outer planets cooled at lower temperatures so more volatile compounds were able to condense |
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The Paleozoic era |
Between 540-250 million years ago |
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The composition of an igneous rock is largely based on.. |
... the chemical composition of the parent magma and its crystallization environment |
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In sedimentary rocks, "nonclastic" units may indicate ... |
... a high organic content |
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Marble |
Contact metamorphic rock |
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Arthur Holmes |
He provided a mechanism for Continental Drift and came up with the first version of the Geological Time Scale |
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Anastomosing river |
Has high sinuosity but stable banks that require the outside assistance of beavers or hippos in order to avulse |
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Pangaea |
All of the Earth's continents were clumped into one super continent, approximately 250-225 million years ago |
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Phaneritic and aphanitic rocks differ ... |
1. Aphanitic rocks are fine grained (extrusive, cooled very quickly) 2. Phanteric rocks are coarse grained (intrusive, cooled very slowly) |
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Evapotranspiration |
Water evaporated through plants while they are transpiring (also pulls the water through the plant) |
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Short term climate effect of explosive eruptions |
Can cool the climate in the short term (up to a couple years), caused by high silicate content |
