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418 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Chattel |
Personal possession |
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Flagellants |
Religious fanatics that believed beating themselves would bring divine interventin |
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Scapegoats |
A person/group forced to take the blame for happenings |
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Propaganda |
Biased info used to publicize a point |
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Pograms |
Organized massacre towards Jews |
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Tallie |
Direct land tax on French peasantry |
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Jaquerie |
French peasant revolt against noblility |
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Estates General |
Representative council of townspeople, clergy and nobles |
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Inquisition |
Place of intregation |
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Plenitude of power |
Declared saints, dispose benefices, and created a papal monarchy |
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Unam Sanctam |
The statement that declared temporal authority was subject to spiritual power of church |
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College of Cardinals |
Controlled the pope's actions regarding the church |
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Annates |
Revenue of the church office |
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Benefice |
Permanent church appointment ,which property and income were provided to respect pastoral |
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Indulgences |
Remission of punishment for unreprented sins, granted by the pope |
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Curia |
Papal court |
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Lollards |
English advocates of Wycliffe |
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Hussites |
Advocates of John Huss |
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Vernacular |
Everyday language by people opposed to latin |
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Great schism |
Appearance of two popes |
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Conciliar theory |
Argument that general councils were superior in authority to the pope |
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Boyars |
Old Russian nobility |
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Patron |
A person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, or activity |
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Classical |
Relating to Ancient Greek or Latin literature |
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Secular |
Denoting things that have no religious or spiritual basis |
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Renaissance |
"Rebirth", the transition from medieval ages to modern times |
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Antiquity |
Ancient past, before middle ages |
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Papal |
Relating to the pope or papacy |
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Depotism |
The exercise of absolute power, in a cruel way |
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Mercenary |
Professional soldier hired to service foreign army |
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Humanism |
Scholarly study of Latin and Greek classics and of ancient church fathers |
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Studia humanitatis |
A liberal arts program of study embracing grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, politics, and philosophy |
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Liberal arts |
Subject or skill that in classical antiquity considered essential for a free man |
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Rhetoric |
Art of persuasive speaking or writings |
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Platonism |
Philosophy of Plato believes all earthly things are imperfect |
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Civic humanism |
Education designed to promote humanist leadership of political and cultural life |
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Laity |
People that aren't part of the clergy |
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Abstract |
Existing in thought, but not in physical existence |
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Chiaroscuro |
The treatment of light shade in drawings and paintings |
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Mannerism |
A style of art that permitted artists to express their feelings in contrast to symmetry in the Renaissance |
Dark colors |
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Treaty of Lodi |
United Naples and Milan into alliance with Florence against foreign invasion |
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Virtu |
The ability to act decisively and heroically for the good of their country |
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Gabelle |
Salt tax in France |
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Golden Bull |
Edict issued by Charles IV, which established a seven member electoral college, issued by imperial diet |
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Reichstag |
Popularly elected parliament in Germany, little power |
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Philosophia Christa |
Beliefs of Erasmus, a simple ethical piety in imitation of Christ |
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Vulgate |
Christendom's bible over 1000 years |
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Conquistadors |
Early conquerors of the new world |
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Hacienda |
Large estate owned by persons originally born in Spain or those with Spanish descent |
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Encomienda |
A grant of right to labor a few hundred Indians for a period of time |
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Edward III/ Charles IV |
English King, vassal of King Philip of France,started the Hundred Years' War by taking French territories/ cousin of Philip VI of France, which he replaced for throne |
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Leonardo Da Vinci |
Well rounded, Mona Lisa, taught in the Fountainbleau |
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Raphael |
Painted soft and kind madonnas/ paintings, school of anthens |
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Michealangelo |
Sistine chapels, David, developed mannerism |
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Ludovicio il Moro |
Invited France to invade Italy, wanted to unite with Milan against Naples |
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Poe Alexander |
Corrupt pope of the Borgia family, only cared to secure base of Romagna |
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Pope julius |
Corrupt pope, only cared about military power |
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Charles VIII(valois) |
French King that invaded Italy during the Renaissance |
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Isabella and Fernindad |
Ruled over Spain, Inquisition, Catholic, hired Columbus/ overseas empire |
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Catherine of Aragon |
Wife of Henry VIII |
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Charles I(Hasburg) |
First of family to rule Spain |
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Charles IV |
Of French throne |
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King Henry VIII |
King of England, divorced Catherine of Aragon, established act of supremacy |
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Gutenburg |
Created the printing press |
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Erasmus |
Northern humanists,philosophia Christa, translated the bible in Greek |
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Thomas More |
Wrote Utopia, executed for not recognizing Henry's marriage to Anne Boleyn |
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Albrecht |
German artists, painted self cautious features |
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Protestant Reformation |
Religious movement against the church |
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Tenet |
Belief of religion |
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Sectarianism |
Form of discrimination due subdivisions of groups, religon |
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Vernacluar |
Everyday language, opposed to latin |
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Eccleslatical |
Relating to papal/ church |
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Joan of arc |
Peasant that led France to victory against the British at the battle of orleans(hundred years war), gave France identity |
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Benefice |
Church appointment which income is provided to pastoral duties for respect |
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Canon |
Law |
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Justification |
Act of declaring righteousness I'm the sight of God |
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Solafide |
Doctrine of justification by faith alone |
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Indulgence |
Remission of temporal penalty from purgatory |
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95 thesis |
Written by Martin Luther, posted on the church door, spread reformation |
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Eucharist |
Christian ceremony of the last supper, where bread and wine are consumed |
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Transubstantiation |
Idea that when consuming bread and wine means consuming the actual body of Christ |
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Marburg Colloquy |
United Martin Luther and Ulrich Zwingli as a defense Protestant pact, failed |
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Cantons |
Subdivision of a country |
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Pope Clement V |
Moved papal court to Avignon |
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Anabaptists |
Believed in adult baptism, practiced pacifism, threatened King |
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Schleitheim confession |
Distinguished Anabaptists for their practice of pacifism |
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Theocracy |
Government where the church rules over a country |
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Antitrinitarians |
Exponents of Calvinism, against holy trinity |
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Predestination |
Divine fore ordaining especially on the salvation of others |
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Augsburg Confession |
Statement of protest beliefs spurned to emperor |
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Schmalkaldic articles |
Protestant confession written by Luther |
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Peace of Augsburg |
First religious freedom, agreement only on Lutherans, regional princes could chose their own religion |
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Act of Supremacy |
Declared Henry VIII the head of church |
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Council of Trent |
Counter reformation, strengthened bishop position, revived scholastic reformation |
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John Wycliffe |
Supported royal authority, early reformer, supported by Lollards |
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Ursulines |
Convents for religious education of girls of all social classes |
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Jesuits |
Organized by Ignatius Loyala, society that believed in unquestioned obedience of God and church authority |
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Utiliatrian |
Being useful than attractive |
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Disparity |
Great age difference |
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John Huss |
Early reformer, burn at the stake, supported by Hussites |
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The Medicis |
Family that ruled over the Florence during the Renaissance,ruled in depotism |
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Boccacccio |
Early humanists, wrote the Decameron, Petrarch's student |
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Dante |
Early humanists, wrote the Divine Comedy, first to write in the vernacular |
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Castiglione |
Wrote the Book of Courtier, est. Renaissance man |
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Counter Reformation |
Church system arranged from pope that stressed unquestioned obedience |
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Baroque |
Followed by mannerism, extravagant, statues, used in Versailles |
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Skeptism |
Doubt of truth to something |
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Relativism |
Concept that points of view have no absolute truth |
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Politque |
Ruler in position of power who puts success of well being to his/ her state |
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Huguenot |
French Protestant |
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Regent |
One who governs kingdom in minority to absence or disability |
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January Edict |
Granted Huguenots the freedom to worship publicly, issued the Catherine de Medici |
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Saint Bartholomew,s Day |
Followed by violent catholic mob, targeted(killed) towards Huguenots in Paris |
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Edict of Nantes |
Issued by Henry IV, gave Huguenots total religious freedom |
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Church of England( Anglican) |
Combined doctrine, policy, and discipline of both Catholic and Protestant belief |
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Thirty nine articlees |
Issued by Elizabeth I, declared England officially Protestant |
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Church of England( Anglican) |
Combined doctrine, policy, and discipline of both Catholic and Protestant belief |
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Presbyterians |
English Protestants that advocated a national church |
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Congrgationslists |
Puts assembly above any individual, prefers ecclesiastical policy, self governing |
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Abdication |
To relinquish power formally |
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Spanish Armada |
Spanish naval invasion sent against England by Philip of II, defeated by English, never recovered in power |
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Defenestration of Prague |
Defended Protestant rights against Fernindad II, threw 3 officials put a window, fell In a pile of hay and manure |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
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Defenestration of Prague |
Defended Protestant rights against Fernindad II, threw 3 officials put a window, fell In a pile of hay and manure |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
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Diet |
A way to exercise power? |
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Stadholde |
Type of hereditary of state that crowned the republic of Netherlands |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
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Diet |
A way to exercise power? |
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Stadholde |
Type of hereditary of state that crowned the republic of Netherlands |
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Dutch East India Company |
Displaced Portuguese dominance in the spice trade of east India |
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Defenestration of Prague |
Defended Protestant rights against Fernindad II, threw 3 officials put a window, fell In a pile of hay and manure |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
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Diet |
A way to exercise power? |
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Stadholde |
Type of hereditary of state that crowned the republic of Netherlands |
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Dutch East India Company |
Displaced Portuguese dominance in the spice trade of east India |
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Parliamentary monarchy |
Star headed by monarch who is not active in policy formation |
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Defenestration of Prague |
Defended Protestant rights against Fernindad II, threw 3 officials put a window, fell In a pile of hay and manure |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
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Diet |
A way to exercise power? |
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Stadholde |
Type of hereditary of state that crowned the republic of Netherlands |
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Dutch East India Company |
Displaced Portuguese dominance in the spice trade of east India |
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Parliamentary monarchy |
Star headed by monarch who is not active in policy formation |
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Absolutism |
Political theory which argues that one person should hold all power |
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Defenestration of Prague |
Defended Protestant rights against Fernindad II, threw 3 officials put a window, fell In a pile of hay and manure |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
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Diet |
A way to exercise power? |
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Stadholde |
Type of hereditary of state that crowned the republic of Netherlands |
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Dutch East India Company |
Displaced Portuguese dominance in the spice trade of east India |
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Parliamentary monarchy |
Star headed by monarch who is not active in policy formation |
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Absolutism |
Political theory which argues that one person should hold all power |
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Autocaracy |
System of government of one person has absolute power |
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Spanish Armada |
Spanish naval invasion sent against England by Philip of II, defeated by English, never recovered in power |
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Defenestration of Prague |
Defended Protestant rights against Fernindad II, threw 3 officials put a window, fell In a pile of hay and manure |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
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Diet |
A way to exercise power? |
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Stadholde |
Type of hereditary of state that crowned the republic of Netherlands |
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Dutch East India Company |
Displaced Portuguese dominance in the spice trade of east India |
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Parliamentary monarchy |
Star headed by monarch who is not active in policy formation |
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Absolutism |
Political theory which argues that one person should hold all power |
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Autocaracy |
System of government of one person has absolute power |
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Divine Right |
Political and religious doctrine of royal legitimacy |
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Forced loans |
issued by Charles I of England, tax needed to be paid, not authorized by parliament |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
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Diet |
A way to exercise power? |
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Stadholde |
Type of hereditary of state that crowned the republic of Netherlands |
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Dutch East India Company |
Displaced Portuguese dominance in the spice trade of east India |
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Parliamentary monarchy |
Star headed by monarch who is not active in policy formation |
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Absolutism |
Political theory which argues that one person should hold all power |
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Autocaracy |
System of government of one person has absolute power |
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Divine Right |
Political and religious doctrine of royal legitimacy |
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Spanish Armada |
Spanish naval invasion sent against England by Philip of II, defeated by English, never recovered in power |
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Forced loans |
issued by Charles I of England, tax needed to be paid, not authorized by parliament |
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Petition of Right |
Established by Parliament, did not allow for any forced loans/ taxes without their consent |
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Defenestration of Prague |
Defended Protestant rights against Fernindad II, threw 3 officials put a window, fell In a pile of hay and manure |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
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Diet |
A way to exercise power? |
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Stadholde |
Type of hereditary of state that crowned the republic of Netherlands |
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Dutch East India Company |
Displaced Portuguese dominance in the spice trade of east India |
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Parliamentary monarchy |
Star headed by monarch who is not active in policy formation |
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Absolutism |
Political theory which argues that one person should hold all power |
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Autocaracy |
System of government of one person has absolute power |
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Divine Right |
Political and religious doctrine of royal legitimacy |
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Spanish Armada |
Spanish naval invasion sent against England by Philip of II, defeated by English, never recovered in power |
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Forced loans |
issued by Charles I of England, tax needed to be paid, not authorized by parliament |
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Petition of Right |
Established by Parliament, did not allow for any forced loans/ taxes without their consent |
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Short parliament |
Dissolved by Charles I, held very few to no meeting with the king |
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Defenestration of Prague |
Defended Protestant rights against Fernindad II, threw 3 officials put a window, fell In a pile of hay and manure |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
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Diet |
A way to exercise power? |
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Stadholde |
Type of hereditary of state that crowned the republic of Netherlands |
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Dutch East India Company |
Displaced Portuguese dominance in the spice trade of east India |
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Parliamentary monarchy |
Star headed by monarch who is not active in policy formation |
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Absolutism |
Political theory which argues that one person should hold all power |
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Autocaracy |
System of government of one person has absolute power |
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Divine Right |
Political and religious doctrine of royal legitimacy |
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Spanish Armada |
Spanish naval invasion sent against England by Philip of II, defeated by English, never recovered in power |
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Forced loans |
issued by Charles I of England, tax needed to be paid, not authorized by parliament |
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Petition of Right |
Established by Parliament, did not allow for any forced loans/ taxes without their consent |
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Short parliament |
Dissolved by Charles I, held very few to no meeting with the king |
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Long parliament |
Held meeting with the King, established their own army( round heads) against Charles I |
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Defenestration of Prague |
Defended Protestant rights against Fernindad II, threw 3 officials put a window, fell In a pile of hay and manure |
|
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|
Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
|
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|
Diet |
A way to exercise power? |
|
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|
Stadholde |
Type of hereditary of state that crowned the republic of Netherlands |
|
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|
Dutch East India Company |
Displaced Portuguese dominance in the spice trade of east India |
|
|
|
Parliamentary monarchy |
Star headed by monarch who is not active in policy formation |
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Absolutism |
Political theory which argues that one person should hold all power |
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Autocaracy |
System of government of one person has absolute power |
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Divine Right |
Political and religious doctrine of royal legitimacy |
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Spanish Armada |
Spanish naval invasion sent against England by Philip of II, defeated by English, never recovered in power |
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Forced loans |
issued by Charles I of England, tax needed to be paid, not authorized by parliament |
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Petition of Right |
Established by Parliament, did not allow for any forced loans/ taxes without their consent |
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Short parliament |
Dissolved by Charles I, held very few to no meeting with the king |
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Long parliament |
Held meeting with the King, established their own army( round heads) against Charles I |
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Scottish Rebellion |
Made a list of grievances towards Charles I, he suppressed the rebellion |
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Defenestration of Prague |
Defended Protestant rights against Fernindad II, threw 3 officials put a window, fell In a pile of hay and manure |
|
|
|
Treaty of Westphalia |
Ended the 30 years war, recognized Calvinism as an official religion, France became dominant |
|
|
|
Diet |
A way to exercise power? |
|
|
|
Stadholde |
Type of hereditary of state that crowned the republic of Netherlands |
|
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|
Dutch East India Company |
Displaced Portuguese dominance in the spice trade of east India |
|
|
|
Parliamentary monarchy |
Star headed by monarch who is not active in policy formation |
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|
Absolutism |
Political theory which argues that one person should hold all power |
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Autocaracy |
System of government of one person has absolute power |
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Scottish Rebellion |
Made a list of grievances towards Charles I( against episcopal system)he suppressed the rebellion |
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Puritans |
Eng. Protestants who sought to purify the church from Catholic practices |
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Puritans |
Eng. Protestants who sought to purify the church from Catholic practices |
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Milita ordinance |
Parliament army against Charles I |
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Puritans |
Eng. Protestants who sought to purify the church from Catholic practices |
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Milita ordinance |
Parliament army against Charles I |
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Cavaliers |
Charles's (King) supporters against parliament, during the English civil war |
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Roundheads |
Parliament supporters during the English civil war |
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Roundheads |
Parliament supporters during the English civil war |
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Lord protecter |
Person in charge of kingdom during absence of sovereign |
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Roundheads |
Parliament supporters during the English civil war |
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Lord protecter |
Person in charge of kingdom during absence of sovereign |
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Clarendon code |
Act by clavier parliament that sent laws for religious restoration |
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Roundheads |
Parliament supporters during the English civil war |
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Lord protecter |
Person in charge of kingdom during absence of sovereign |
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Clarendon code |
Act by clavier parliament that sent laws for religious restoration |
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Treat of Dover |
Secretly allied France and England against the Dutch |
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Roundheads |
Parliament supporters during the English civil war |
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Lord protecter |
Person in charge of kingdom during absence of sovereign |
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Clarendon code |
Act by clavier parliament that sent laws for religious restoration |
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Treat of Dover |
Secretly allied France and England against the Dutch |
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Popish plot |
Caused by Titus Oates, many were killed because he told the the king that someone was plotting to assassinate him |
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Roundheads |
Parliament supporters during the English civil war |
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Lord protecter |
Person in charge of kingdom during absence of sovereign |
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Clarendon code |
Act by clavier parliament that sent laws for religious restoration |
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Treat of Dover |
Secretly allied France and England against the Dutch |
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Popish plot |
Caused by Titus Oates, many were killed because he told the the king that someone was plotting to assassinate him |
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English bill of rights |
Limited power of monarchy, signed by William and Mary |
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Roundheads |
Parliament supporters during the English civil war |
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Lord protecter |
Person in charge of kingdom during absence of sovereign |
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Clarendon code |
Act by clavier parliament that sent laws for religious restoration |
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Treat of Dover |
Secretly allied France and England against the Dutch |
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Popish plot |
Caused by Titus Oates, many were killed because he told the the king that someone was plotting to assassinate him |
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English bill of rights |
Limited power of monarchy, signed by William and Mary |
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Thomas a Kempis |
Summarized philosophy of the brothers(modern devotion) in a religious book |
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Roundheads |
Parliament supporters during the English civil war |
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Lord protecter |
Person in charge of kingdom during absence of sovereign |
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Clarendon code |
Act by clavier parliament that sent laws for religious restoration |
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Treat of Dover |
Secretly allied France and England against the Dutch |
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Popish plot |
Caused by Titus Oates, many were killed because he told the the king that someone was plotting to assassinate him |
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English bill of rights |
Limited power of monarchy, signed by William and Mary |
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Thomas a Kempis |
Summarized philosophy of the brothers(modern devotion) in a religious book |
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Martin Luther |
German Reformer, posted the 95 thesis, established Lutherism |
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Pope Leo |
Revived jubilee indulgence to rebuild his palace |
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Pope Leo |
Revived jubilee indulgence to rebuild his palace |
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John Tetzel |
Preached indulgences, very persuasive, inspired Luther to write the 95 thesis |
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Pope Leo |
Revived jubilee indulgence to rebuild his palace |
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John Tetzel |
Preached indulgences, very persuasive, inspired Luther to write the 95 thesis |
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Habsburg ruler, distracted from Reformation by invasions from the Ottoman Empires |
Charles V |
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Pope Leo |
Revived jubilee indulgence to rebuild his palace |
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John Tetzel |
Preached indulgences, very persuasive, inspired Luther to write the 95 thesis |
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Habsburg ruler, distracted from Reformation by invasions from the Ottoman Empires |
Charles V |
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Frederick the Wise |
Prince that protected Luther from any harm |
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Zwingli |
Swiss reformer, did not agree with Luther about Eucharist |
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Zwingli |
Swiss reformer, did not agree with Luther about Eucharist |
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Phillip of Hesse |
Tried to unite Protestant leaders , Luther and Zwingli in the Marburg Colloquy |
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Conrad Grebel |
Performed the fist adult baptism |
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Conrad Grebel |
Performed the fist adult baptism |
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Micheal Servantes |
Antitrinitarian, that executed John Calvin |
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Christian II |
Introduced Lutherism to Denmark |
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Christian II |
Introduced Lutherism/ reformation to Denmark |
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Henry VIII(Tudor) |
English king, father of Elizabeth I , established the Act of supremacy |
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Ignatius Loyola |
Created society of Jesuits, taught obedience to church authorities |
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Ignatius Loyola |
Created society of Jesuits, taught obedience to church authorities |
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John Calvin |
Reformer that established Calvinism, believed in predestination |
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Ignatius Loyola |
Created society of Jesuits, taught obedience to church authorities |
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John Calvin |
Reformer that established Calvinism, believed in predestination |
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Cervantes |
Wrote the Don Quixote |
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Shakespeare |
English writer, famous for plays and romances, set human themes |
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Catherine de Medici |
Polique, issued January edict, regent for the kingdom of France |
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Catherine de Medici |
Polique, issued January edict, regent for the kingdom of France |
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Henry II |
French king killed by a pierced lance |
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Catherine de Medici |
Polique, issued January edict, regent for the kingdom of France |
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Henry II |
French king killed by a pierced lance |
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Henry IV( bourbon) |
French king, Issued the edict of Nantes, Polique, " Paris is worth the mass" |
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Phillip II |
Spanish King, sent the Spanish Armada against England, left Spain bankrupt |
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Duke of Alba |
Hired by the Spanish, suppressed the rebellion in the Netherlands |
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William of Orange |
Leader of Protestant Reformation in the Netherlands, stadholder |
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Mary I( Tudor) |
Daughter of Catherine of Aragon, very Catholic, killed many Protestants during her reign |
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Elizabeth I |
Queen of England, Polique, issued the 30 articles, last of the Tudor family line |
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Mary Queen of Scots( Stuart's) |
Executed by Elizabeth I for attempted assassination, very Catholic |
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HRE Ferdinand |
Habsburg emperor, fought in the 30 years war, opened the period of Bohemia by restricting the rights of Protestants( archduke of styria) |
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Frederick V |
The elector that was favored by the bohemians to be their king |
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Duke of Alba |
Hired by the Spanish, suppressed the rebellion in the Netherlands |
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William of Orange |
Leader of Protestant Reformation in the Netherlands, stadholder |
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Mary I( Tudor) |
Daughter of Catherine of Aragon, very Catholic, killed many Protestants during her reign |
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Elizabeth I |
Queen of England, Polique, issued the 30 articles, last of the Tudor family line |
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Mary Queen of Scots( Stuart's) |
Executed by Elizabeth I for attempted assassination, very Catholic |
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HRE Ferdinand |
Habsburg emperor, fought in the 30 years war, opened the period of Bohemia by restricting the rights of Protestants( archduke of styria) |
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Frederick V |
The elector that was favored by the bohemians to be their king |
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Christian IV |
King of Denmark, that to set Protestant resistance in the 30 years war, forced to retreat |
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Gustavus Adolphus |
Swedish King and military leader won the first battle of the 30 years war |
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James I |
King of England, Believed in divine right |
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William laud |
Archbishop of Charles I, impose episcopal system |
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William laud |
Archbishop of Charles I, impose episcopal system |
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Oliver Cromwell |
Took throne after Charles I, Lord protector of England, set autocracy, not of Royal family |
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Charles I |
King of England, dissolved parliament, went against parliament, executed by parliament |
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Charles II |
Restored monarchy in England |
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James II |
King of England, gave the throne to William of orange and his Mary |
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James II |
King of England, gave the throne to William of orange and his Mary |
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William (III of Orange) and Mary |
Rulers of England, signed the English Bill of Rights |
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George I ( of Hanover) |
Defeated James the II, gave government policies to Walpole |
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George I ( of Hanover) |
Defeated James the II, gave government policies to Walpole |
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Sir Robert Walpole |
Took over the helm of government in England, handled the House of Commons |
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Le Fronde |
Protestant noble rebellion caused because of Richelieu's policy between the nobles of the sword and rope |
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Parlemnets |
Old court of supremacy |
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Dauphin |
Heir of French throne |
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War of Devolution |
Fought between Louis XIV and the triple alliance because he believed his wife Marie Therese should inherit the Spanish Netherlands |
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Triple Alliance |
Fought against Louis XIV in the War of Devolution, consisted of England, Sweden, and Holland |
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Jansenism |
Roman Catholic movement against the Jesuits, thought humans to be corrupt, believed in the teachings of St. Augustine |
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Revocation of the Edict of Nantes |
Louis XIV revoked the edict of Nantes to unite France with Catholicism |
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League of Augsburg |
Fought against France during the nine years |
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Nine Years War |
Fought between the the League of Augsburg and France due the proximity of territories |
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Mississippi Bubble |
Financial schism by John law, left France in debt |
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Pragmatic Sanction |
Edict issued by Charles VI that insured Habsburg possession and throne to his daughter Maria Theresa |
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Junkers |
Nobility , important to Prussia military in exchange for total control of serfs |
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Time of Troubles |
Followed by Ivan the terrible death, when the Romanvs took Russian throne |
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Boyars |
Member of old aristocracy in Russia, next rank after the prince |
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Boyars |
Member of old aristocracy in Russia, next rank after the prince |
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Streltsy |
Guards of Moscow |
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Great Northern War |
Caused because Peter invaded into Swedish territory, defeated Charles XIII |
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Sultan |
Muslim sovereign |
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Old Regime |
Social, political, and economic relationships existed before the French Revolution, 1789 |
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Taille |
Land tax paid by French peasants |
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Vingtieme |
Income of tax that nobles rarely paid |
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Corvee |
Unpaid labor on public works ( towards French peasants) asked by landlords |
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Aristocratic resurgence |
Aristocratic effort to resist power of monarch |
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Robot |
Law that required serfs to provide labor in the Habsburg lands |
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Family economy |
Basic structure of production and consumption in pre- industrial Europe |
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Family economy |
Basic structure of production and consumption in pre- industrial Europe |
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Neolocalism |
Practice of moving away from home |
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Family economy |
Basic structure of production and consumption in pre- industrial Europe |
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Neolocalism |
Practice of moving away from home |
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Treaty of Utrecht |
Ended the War of Spanish Succession |
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Mercantilism |
Belief of benefits from profitable trading; commercialism |
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Mercantilism |
Belief of benefits from profitable trading; commercialism |
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East India Company |
English institution that assisted with profitable trade in east India |
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Viceroy |
Served as Spanish chief executives in the New world |
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Mercantilism |
Belief of benefits from profitable trading; commercialism |
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East India Company |
English institution that assisted with profitable trade in east India |
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Viceroy |
Served as Spanish chief executives in the New world |
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Flota |
Spanish fleet of commercial vessels/ ships |
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Mercantilism |
Belief of benefits from profitable trading; commercialism |
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East India Company |
English institution that assisted with profitable trade in east India |
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Viceroy |
Served as Spanish chief executives in the New world |
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Flota |
Spanish fleet of commercial vessels/ ships |
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Intendant |
Title given to administrators, collected taxes, nobles of roe, enforced Royal policy |
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Peninsulares |
Someone born in Spain |
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Peninsulares |
Someone born in Spain |
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Seasoning |
Process, which prepared newly arrived Africans for laborious discipline |
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Chattel |
Personal possession |
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War of Jenkins ear |
War between Britain and Spain, caused because Jenkins accused of smuggling in the West Indies |
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Peninsulares |
Someone born in Spain |
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Seasoning |
Process, which prepared newly arrived Africans for laborious discipline |
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Chattel |
Personal possession |
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War of Jenkins ear |
War between Britain and Spain, caused because Jenkins accused of smuggling in the West Indies |
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Treaty of Aix-la-Chappelle |
Ended the War of Austrian Succession, gave Prussia Silesia and Austrian kept Habsburg power |
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Peninsulares |
Someone born in Spain |
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Seasoning |
Process, which prepared newly arrived Africans for laborious discipline |
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Chattel |
Personal possession |
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War of Jenkins ear |
War between Britain and Spain, caused because Jenkins accused of smuggling in the West Indies |
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Treaty of Aix-la-Chappelle |
Ended the War of Austrian Succession, gave Prussia Silesia and Austrian kept Habsburg power |
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French and Indian War |
North American conflict between France and Britain, also known as the seven years war |
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Treaty of Paris |
Ended the seven years war, Britain remained dominant |
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Treaty of Paris |
Ended the seven years war, Britain remained dominant |
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Syphilis |
Disease that is sexually tramsmitted |
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Treaty of Paris |
Ended the seven years war, Britain remained dominant |
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Syphilis |
Disease that is sexually tramsmitted |
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Maize |
Corn |
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Treaty of Paris |
Ended the seven years war, Britain remained dominant |
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Syphilis |
Disease that is sexually tramsmitted |
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Maize |
Corn |
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Polenta |
Cornmeal |
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Colonialism |
Practice of taking political control over another country, by taking settlers and exploiting economy |
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Louis XIII |
king that introduced absolutism to France |
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Cardinal Mazarin |
Minister if Louis XIV that extended Richelieu's policy, death followed to absolutism |
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Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bosseut |
Bishop that supported divine right, argued king to be gods regent |
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Jean Baptiste Colbert |
Helped absolutism, introduced mercantilism to France |
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Versailles |
Palace built in St. Peter burgs, paid by Louis XIV, glorified the sun king, built for better trade connection |
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Louis XV |
Son of Louis XIV, made France suffer in debt |
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Louis XV |
Son of Louis XIV, made France suffer in debt( Mississippi Bubble) |
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John law |
Caused the Mississippi bubble( made others question paper money)left France in debt |
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Leopold I |
Habsburg emperor that resisted advances of the Ottoman Empire and Louis XIV agression |
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Charles VI |
Started the war of Austrian Succession, issued the pragmatic sanction |
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Maria Theresa |
Habsburg queen( daughter of Charles)restored leadership in Austria with the gel of Magyars |
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Frederick William the great elector |
Established central Prussia by breaking nobles from bureaucracy |
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Frederick William I |
Organized bureaucrats along with military lines |
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Frederick William I |
Organized bureaucrats along with military lines |
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Frederick II the Great |
King of Prussia, started the War of Austrian Succession, gained Silesia |
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Michel Romanov |
Took Russian throne after the death of Ivan the terrible |
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Peter the Great |
King of Russia, modernized country with mercantilism and new inventions, started the Great Northern War |
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Charles XIII |
King of Sweden fought against Peter the great during the Great Northern War |
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William Pitt |
Britain's general that won against (tFrance, which were supplied by the Indians,) during the seven years war by recruiting troops |
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