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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Steps of the scientific method |
Observe, question, hypothesize, test, analyze, conclude, report |
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Hypothesis |
Def- educated guess/possible explanation Traits- testable |
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Identify variables from experiment samples |
Independent variable- the variable made different Dependent variable- factor measured Control variable- variables kept the same Experimental group- subjects being tested Control group- comparison group |
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The difference between Theory and law |
A theory is Broad a law is mathematical or specific |
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Characteristics of living things |
Cellular, genetic, homeostatic, responsive, metabolize, evolve, reproduce, grow, develop |
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Polar vs. Nonpolar |
Nonpolar are weakly attracted by electrons polar strongly attract |
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Water structural formula |
H+2O- Connected by hydrogen bonds |
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Hydrophilic vs. Hydrophobic |
Hydrophobic does not easily dissolve in water hydrophilic does easily dissolve in water |
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Characteristics of water due to hydrogen bonding |
High evaporation/Fusion temperature, expansion upon freezing |
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PH definition |
How acidic or basic a solution is ranges from 0 to 14 |
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Calculating magnitude difference in any 2 pHs |
Goes by tens example 10 to the 2 10 to the 4 10 to the 5 xcetera |
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Acid vs. Neutral vs. Base |
PH of an acid is less than 7 neutral pH is 7 pH of a base is more than 7 I acid releases H+ ions neutral releases OH- ions |
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Buffer |
Weak acid or base that minimizes changes in PH. accept H+ when pH decreases donates H+ when pH increases bicarbonate ion |
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Isomers |
Organic compounds with the same molecular formula and different structures Different structures give different chemical Example C4h10 |
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Organic compounds |
Most compounds containing carbon |
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Functional groups |
A cluster of atoms that influence properties of organic compounds Example hydroxyl -OH |
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Carbohydrates |
Organic compounds composed of one or more sugar units |
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Dehydration synthesis |
Reaction type that forms disaccharides |
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Polysaccharides |
Chitin- omposes arthropod exoskeleton and fungal cell walls Cellulose- composes plant cell walls Starch- stores energy for plants Glycogen stores energy for animals |
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Lipids |
Hydrophobic organic compounds |
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Saturated vs. Unsaturated fats |
Saturated fats or animal produced have single bonds and are solid at room temperature unsaturated fats are plant produced have one or more double bonds and are liquid at room temperature |
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Lipids and functions |
Oil-stores energy (glycerol + 3 unsaturated fatty acids) Wax- protects the ear canal produces a honeycomb ( long alcohol + fatty acid) Phospholipid composes the cell membranes ( glycerol + phosphate + 2 fatty acids) Steroid is a cholesterol derived hormone regulating psychological functions(4 C rings) |
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Proteins |
Organic Polymers of amino acids |
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Structure of amino acids |
C + h + carboxyl + Amino + R group |
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Levels of protein structure |
Primary secondary tertiary quaternary |
