Midieval Religions And Cultures Midterm

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purgatory

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waiting place between heaven and hell. where those will be judged once again after the world has ended.

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What do you know about Byzantium?

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Justinian and wife Theodora ruled;
at the cross point between Europe and Asia (passage from the Mediterranean sea to the black sea);
667BC-1453c ; iconoclasm; hagia sophia; domed churches and decorative mosaics were the art; constantinople fell to the Ottomans.

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corpus christi

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the body of christ; corpus domini

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eucharist

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christian sacrament; performed during mass

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ora et labora

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prayer and work

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transsubstantiation

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dogma; christ becomes eucharist

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Theodosius

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roman empire; reunited the eastern and western parts of the empire

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Hagia Sophia

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in Istanbul; "holy wisdom"; Byzantine basilica now mosque

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San Vitale in Ravenna

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classic byzantine architecturally, basilica.

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Aachen Cathedral

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"royal cathedral"; oldest cathedral in northern europe

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St. Mark in Venice

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famous Byzantine basilica in Venice; built in 828

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Vulgate

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the bible; used all through Medieval ages; Catholic Latin bible

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ecclesia

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latin for church (militans- fighting church)

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dioces

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administrative territorial unit administered by a bishop

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basilica

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a large and important church that has been given special ceremonial rites by the Pope

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cathedral

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a Christian church that contains the seat of a bishop. It is a religious building for worship

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monastery

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where monks live; most often in the country or isolated

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imitatio christi

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becoming like christ

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codex

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collection of books written in monestary schools

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septuagint

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oldest of several ancient translations of the Hebrew Bible into the Greek language

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Ancilla Theologiae

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servant of theology; prove God; above all other sciences

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creatio ex nihilo

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creation out of nothing

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mass

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catholic service; eucharist is distributed; transubstantiation

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initiale

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first page of a manuscript that's decorated; worth a lot of money

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illumination

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manuscript with pictures; worth a lot of money

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septem artes liberales

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seven liberal arts:
TITRIUM QUADRIUM
rhetoric music
logic astrology
grammar geometry
arithmetic

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biblia pauperum

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bible of the poor (arts)

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credo

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set of religious rules and guidelines

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agnus dei

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lamb of God; sacrificed for salvation of man

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ex cathedra sancti Petri

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from the seat of peter; 1st pope and infallible

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immaculata conceptio

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the immaculate conception of Jesus christ in Mary

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St. Benedict

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wrote order of Benedict 9-10th cent; Cluny

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pater noster

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our father prayer

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bulla

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bulls which are decrees of the pope; special seal

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iconoclast

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destruction of religious symbols

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pax vobiscum

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peace be with you

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dogma

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religious doctrine

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indulgencia

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release from punishment

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anno domini

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year of our lord (post chrisum natum)

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promigniture

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1st born son

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relic

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most often a remnant of a saint

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hagiographia

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life of the saints; writing about

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syncretic religions

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eternal life; dualisms; unification with god; dying and rising God; usually whatever's most fashionable

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gnosticism

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greeko roman times; belief in duality
(divine/human; god/devil)

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diaspora

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mass movement of people (jews)

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diaspora

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mass movement of people (jews)

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original sin

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everyone's born with it; means that jesus died for a cause

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barbarians

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anyone who was not greeko roman; foreigners

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predestination

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God determined the fate of all of the universe before creation

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mariology

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study of mary

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pillars of islam

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Shahadah(profession of faith)
zakat (a tax for charity)
Ramadan (a month of fasting)
Hajj (yearly pilgrimage to Mecca)
Salat (formal worship at least 3 times a day)

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Mohamed

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a prophet; even though he was illiterate he wrote the koran through God.

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Constantine

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first Christian Roman emperor; his reign was a turning point for the christian church; started christianity for europe

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What are the major characteristics of the Greco-Roman religions?

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polytheism, zeus (and down) hierarchy, very human characteristics; gods specialize; i.e. Dionysos= wine/partying, aphrodite=love

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What do you know about the decline of Rome and the Barbarians?

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in around 480 the Western roman empire collapsed under the ostrogroths/barbarians. Huns and Visigoths were also involved; originally visigoths and franks were friends with the Romans then feuded;

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What do you know about Augustine? (who, when, where, major idea addressed in class, relation and view on early Christian heresies)

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philosopher and theologian; 300-400s; in North Africa; he believed the city of men include non christians or not 'right' christians concentrate on this life and that 'right' christians live for the city of God; wrote city of God and believed in JUST WAR.

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What do you know about the ecumenical creeds and synods? (when, where, what kinds, major beliefs)

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apostle's creed, nicene creed......

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what do you know about islam?
(emergence, when, where, who, major beliefs, conquests, dynasties, schisms)

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7th century; in arabia; muhammad was the prophet; believed in the 5 pillars; muhammad triumphed over mecca in 630; dynasty of ali, umayyad dynasty

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what do you know about Dante's depiction of the Medieval view of after life? (structure, issues, aim, relations to Christian dogmas and realities of the time)

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9 circles in hell; 7 terraces in purgatory; 9 spheres in heaven; it was written in bitter exile including his friends, lovers and enemies; it represents how following only the divine love of the v. mary could he find the vision of god.

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What do you know about the carolingian empire? (who, where, when, main characteristics, significance for history and culture, historical events)

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Charles Martel first ruler (second Charlemagne); in Francia; grew to power by controlling much of the Roman catholic idealogies; partnered with Rome and emperors became annointed; charlemagne conquested much of italy which led to his success;

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What do you know about the medieval jewish thought?

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law=faith + reason; cannot contradict; not everything is reasonable in religion; god creates out of love; god communicated-prophecy-revelation-religion

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saints (2)

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look em up...