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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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types of medications used
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-bronchodilators
-antinflamatories -mucolytics |
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Types of Bronchodialtors
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-beta 2 agnost (short and long acting)
-anticholinergics -xanthines |
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-beta 2 agnoists (short and long acting)
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commonly used for the acute phase, they quickly reduce airway constriction. Agonists or stimulators of the adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system; imitate the effects of norepinephrine.
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adverse effects
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stimulates heart as well so very high heart rate which can effect perfusion, can cause Heart attack.
Contractility, tremors, restlessness, insomnia, anorexia, headache, hyperglycemia, RARE: paradoxical bronchospasms |
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Bronchodialor meds
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Ventolin, Alupent, Theovent, ephedrine, albuterol
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Antodote
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beta blocker
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-Anticholinergics
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Ipratropium & Atrovent
-Causes smooth muscle relaxation by blocking acetylcholine from binding to receptors on the bronchioles blocks ACh receptors on bronchial tree (causing constriction, blocks that ) |
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Side effects
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dry mouth urinary retention nasal congestion heart palpitations, GI distress, Headache, cough, anxiety
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**Contraindicated
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Atropen allergy or soy lectin allergy - all inhalers
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Usually in combo w/
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albuterol: Duoneb, Combivent
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Antiinflammatories
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-corticosteroids
-cromones -Leukoriene Modifiers |
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Cortcosteroids
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Flovent & pulmicort
NOT for acute attack, decreases inflammation and mucous production. mild to moderate symptoms More severe cases will be on IV or PO prednisone |
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-cromones
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Tildade & Intal
Inhibits the release of cell mediators, prevents Mass cells from opening w. allergens |
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Leukoriene Modifiers
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Singular & accolade
Block Leukotriene receptor site |
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Other type of antiinflamatory that can be used to treat asthma
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~antihistamines~
Fexofenadine: Allegra Cetrizine: Zyrtec Loratadine: Claritin Diphenhydramine: Benadryl |
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drugs used for excess mucus production
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-Decongestants: pseudophedrine Sudafed
-Expectorants: Guaifenesin Mucinex robotussin -Antitussives, given w/no productive cough, stops coughing; codine or hydrocodone robotussin |
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Action Plan
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Green Zone: 80-100% Preventative only
Yellow: 50-80% Quick relief + green treatment Red: under 50% Short acting rescue, medical attention |
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S/S
Green: Yellow: Red: |
Green: No cough, no wheezing, No Tightness in breath, No SOB
Yellow: cough, wheezing, tight chest, Red: Severe SOB, Frequent server cough, trouble walking talking wheezing |
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Status Asthmaticus
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Severe, prolonged asthma attack with
bronchospasm that does not respond to routine treatment. |
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Status Asthmaticus ideology
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dehydration Viral, bacterial factors, ASA/NASIDS, Pollutants/Allergens, Emotional status, Abuse of inhaler. aerosol Meds. D/c of meds
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Status Asthmaticus ideology treatment
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-systemic bronchodilators vs inhaled
-Epihephrine to increase broncho dilation -IV steroids -IV fluids -O2 -Mechanical vent -Atropine: blocks effects on parasympathetic system -Magnesium sulfate=calcium antagonist relaxes smooth muscle |
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Side effects of magnesium
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facial flush, tingling, nausea, CNS depression, respiratory distress, hypotension
Levels need to be 5-15 mcg/ml |
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What is the drug used as a last resort
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Aminophylin and Theophyline. bronchodilator. Not common b/c has a lot of side effects. Blood levels need to be monitored
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