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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Staphylococcus aureus
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1. Penicillin. \l\ 2. If Penicillin-resistant: Semisynthetic penicillins/penicillinase-resistant penicillins (oxacillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin, etc.) \l\ 3. MRSA- Vancomycin. \l\ 4. MRSA and VRSA: daptomycin, linezolid
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Group A Streptococcus
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1. Penicillin \l\ 2. If allergic: Macrolide or 1º cephalosporin
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
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1. Penicillin \l\ 2. If intermediate resistant:3º cephalosporin (ceftriaxone, cefotaxime) \l\ 3. If high resistance: vancomycin or 3º quinolones (levofloxacin)
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Enterococcus
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1. Penicillin or Ampicillin \l\ 2. If resistant: Vancomycin \l\\l\In endocarditis: use these with aminoglycoside (gentamicin) for synergy \l\ Note: uniformly resistant to cephalosporins
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Group B Streptococcus
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Penicillin or Ampicillin
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Resistant Gram + cocci (VRE or VRS)
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Linezolid, Daptomycin, Streptogramins (dalfopristin-quinupristin) \l\\l\ Note: streptogramins are active against Enterococcus faecium but NOT faecalis.
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Anaerobes (besides C. difficile)
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Metronidazole, 2º cephalosporins (cefoxitin), lincosamid, carpamens (imipenam, meropenam), extended-spectrum penicillins with a beta-lactamase inhibitor (piperacillin-tazobactam) \l\\l\ Vancomycin for Clostridium
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Anaerobes: C. difficile
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Metronidazole or Vancomycin
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Enterobacteriaceae (E. Coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter)
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3º cephalosporin, quinolones, aminoglycosides, carbapenems, extended-spectrum penicillin, aztreonam
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Pseudomonas
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Extended-spectrum penicillins, quinolones, aminoglycosides, ceftazidime, cefepime
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Rickettsia/Ehrlichia/Borrelia burgdorferi
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Tetracycline (doxycycline) \l\\l\ Borrelia: also amoxicillin and ceftriaxone
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Gonorrhea
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3º generation cephalosporin
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Syphilis
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1. Penicillin \l\ 2. Allergic: doxycycline, or consider desensitization, esp if pregnant
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Chlamydia trachomatis
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Azithromycin, Doxycycline
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Atypical pneumonias (Mycoplasma, Legionalla, Chlamydia, Bordetella)
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Macrolides/azalides, quinolones, +/- tetracycline
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Community-acquired pneumonia
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hospitalized pts usually treated with both ceftriaxone and azithromycin or levofloxacin
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Staphylococcus aureus
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1. Penicillin. \l\ 2. If Penicillin-resistant: Semisynthetic penicillins/penicillinase-resistant penicillins (oxacillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin, etc.) \l\ 3. MRSA- Vancomycin. \l\ 4. MRSA and VRSA: daptomycin, linezolid
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Group A Streptococcus
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1. Penicillin \l\ 2. If allergic: Macrolide or 1º cephalosporin
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
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1. Penicillin \l\ 2. If intermediate resistant:3º cephalosporin (ceftriaxone, cefotaxime) \l\ 3. If high resistance: vancomycin or 3º quinolones (levofloxacin)
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Enterococcus
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1. Penicillin or Ampicillin \l\ 2. If resistant: Vancomycin \l\\l\In endocarditis: use these with aminoglycoside (gentamicin) for synergy \l\ Note: uniformly resistant to cephalosporins
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Group B Streptococcus
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Penicillin or Ampicillin
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Resistant Gram + cocci (VRE or VRS)
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Linezolid, Daptomycin, Streptogramins (dalfopristin-quinupristin) \l\\l\ Note: streptogramins are active against Enterococcus faecium but NOT faecalis.
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Anaerobes (besides C. difficile)
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Metronidazole, 2º cephalosporins (cefoxitin), lincosamid, carpamens (imipenam, meropenam), extended-spectrum penicillins with a beta-lactamase inhibitor (piperacillin-tazobactam) \l\\l\ Vancomycin for Clostridium
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Anaerobes: C. difficile
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Metronidazole or Vancomycin
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Enterobacteriaceae (E. Coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter)
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3º cephalosporin, quinolones, aminoglycosides, carbapenems, extended-spectrum penicillin, aztreonam
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Pseudomonas
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Extended-spectrum penicillins, quinolones, aminoglycosides, ceftazidime, cefepime
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Rickettsia/Ehrlichia/Borrelia burgdorferi
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Tetracycline (doxycycline) \l\\l\ Borrelia: also amoxicillin and ceftriaxone
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Gonorrhea
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3º generation cephalosporin
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Syphilis
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1. Penicillin \l\ 2. Allergic: doxycycline, or consider desensitization, esp if pregnant
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Chlamydia trachomatis
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Azithromycin, Doxycycline
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Atypical pneumonias (Mycoplasma, Legionalla, Chlamydia, Bordetella)
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Macrolides/azalides, quinolones, +/- tetracycline
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Community-acquired pneumonia
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hospitalized pts usually treated with both ceftriaxone and azithromycin or levofloxacin
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