Micro/talaro

Front 1

List 4 physical agents for controlling microbial growth.

Back 1

1. UV radiation
2. boiling water
3. HEPA filters
4. H2O2

Front 2

Bacterial endospores have the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls. TRUE/FALSE

Back 2

TRUE

Front 3

The process that destroys or removes all microorganisms and microbial forms including bacterial endospores is...

Back 3

sterilization

Front 4

The process of using a cleansing technique to mechanically remove and reduce microorganisms and debris to safe levels is...

Back 4

degermation

Front 5

The use of a physical or chemical process to destroy vegetative pathogens is...

Back 5

disinfection

Front 6

The use of chemical agents directly on exposed body surfaces to destroy or inhibit vegetative pathogens is...

Back 6

antisepsis

Front 7

Sporocides acn be used to acheive sterility. TRUE/FALSE

Back 7

TRUE.

Front 8

Regarding the rate of microbial death, one can say that cells in a culture die at a constant rate. TRUE/FALSE

Back 8

TRUE.

Front 9

Sterilization is acheived by...

Back 9

steam autoclave

Front 10

Dry heat is less effecient...

Back 10

than moist heat.

Front 11

List 4 ways of killing endospores.

Back 11

1. Dry heat at 170C for 2 hours
2. incineration
3. glutaraldehyde for 3 or more hours
4. ethylene oxide for 3 or more hours

Front 12

What are the minimal sterilizing conditions in a steam autoclave?

Back 12

121C at 15psi for 15min.

Front 13

The shortest time required to kill all the microbes in a sample at a specified temperature is called the...

Back 13

thermal death time(TDT)

Front 14

Disinfection of beverages such as apple juice, milk and wine is optimally acheived by...

Back 14

pasteurization

Front 15

Electrons are ejected from atoms in cells when organisms are exposed to...

Back 15

gamma and X rays.

Front 16

List 4 heavy metals used for antisepsis.

Back 16

1. tincture of iodine
2. Merthiolate
3. silver nitrate solutions
4. mercurochrome

Front 17

vegetative bacteria and fungi are the easiest microbial forms to kill or inhibit are...

Back 17

vegetative bacteria and fungi.

Front 18

List 4 compounds that are phenols.

Back 18

1. Lysol
2. hexachlorophene
3. cresols
4. chloramines

Front 19

List 4 factors of hypochlorites.

Back 19

1. release hypochlorous acid in solution
2. cause denaturation of enzymes
3. used to disinfect dairy, restaurant and medical equipment
4. found in bleach

Front 20

List 4 substances used as an antiseptic.

Back 20

1. iodophor
2. chlorhexadine
3. 3% H2O2
4. merthiolate

Front 21

Betadine is considered an iodophor. TRUE/FALSE

Back 21

TRUE

Front 22

The compound that is an organic base containing chlorine and 2 phenolic rings, and is used increasingly for wound degerming is...

Back 22

chlorhexadine

Front 23

List 4 characteristics of alcohol.

Back 23

1. denature proteins when in a 50-95% alcohol water solution
2. disinfect items soaked in alcohol
3. are skin degerming agents
4. at 50% or higher concentrations dissolve cell membrane lipids

Front 24

List 4 alkylating control agents.

Back 24

ethylene oxide
glutaraldehyde
formaldehyde
propylene oxide

Front 25

The sterilizing gas used in chemiclaves is...

Back 25

ethylene oxide

Front 26

The chemical agent that produces highly reactive hydroxyl free radicals and also decomposes to O2 gas is...

Back 26

H2O2

Front 27

List 4 agents that act as surfactants.

Back 27

detergents
soaps
quartenary ammonia

Front 28

List several cellular targets of antimicrobials.

Back 28

cell wall
cell membrane
ribosomes
cellular proteins

Front 29

Placing organisms at 4C is...

Back 29

bacterioststic

Front 30

Pasteurization reduces the number of vegetative forms. TRUE/FALSE

Back 30

TRUE

Front 31

Gamma, X rays and cathode are forms of radiation in order from the most penetrating to the least penetrating. TRUE/FALSE

Back 31

TRUE

Front 32

Filtration sterilization removes viruses. TRUE/FALSE

Back 32

TRUE

Front 33

Vials of microorganisms that undergo the freeze drying process called________ will remain preserved and viable for years.

Back 33

lyophilization

Front 34

A method for sterilizing milk, called_______ treatment, uses 134C for 1-2 sec.

Back 34

ultra high temperature

Front 35

Ultraviolet radiation excites atoms to a higher energy state within molecules such as DNA that then leads to the formation of pyrimidine dimers. TRUE/FALSE

Back 35

TRUE

Front 36

Chlorine is a halogen used in gaseous and liquid form for large scale disinfection of drinking water and sewage. TRUE/FALSE

Back 36

TRUE

Front 37

______ solution was introduced in the late 19th century for preventing gonococcal infections in a newborns eye after exposure to the mothers infected birth canal.

Back 37

AgNO3

Front 38

Saliva and pus can interfere with the actions of disinfectants. TRUE/FALSE

Back 38

TRUE

Front 39

Sonication dislodges debris and saliva from instruments but will not reliably acheive disinfection or sterilization. TRUE/FALSE

Back 39

TRUE

Front 40

Aniline dyes like crystal violet have antimicrobial activity particularly against G+ bacteria and some fungi. TRUE/FALSE

Back 40

TRUE