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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the E. coli that causes travelers diarrhea?
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Enterotoxigenic E. coli(ETEC) It has pili that help it bind to intestinal epithelial cells, where it releases exotoxins that are similar to the cholera exotoxins.
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What are the Heat labile toxin(LT) and the Heat stable toxin?
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These exotoxins inhibit the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl-, and stimulate the secretion of Cl- and HCO3- into the intestinal lumen. Water follows the osmotic pull of these ions. Stools are like rice water, like in cholera.
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What is EHEC?
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Enterohemorrhagic bacteria E. coli.They are similar to ETEC, but they secrete the powerful Shiga like toxin(Verotoxin). Same effect of the shiga toxin.
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How does the above toxin function?
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IT prohibits protein synthesis by inhibiting the 60S ribosome. This results in epithelial cell death. It is also called Hemorrhagic colitis.
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What is Hemolytic uremic syndrome?
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This syndrome with anemia, thrombocytopaenia and renal failure(uremia) is associated with infection by a strain of EHEC, called E. coli 0157:H7. Bad hamburger meat has been a source.
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What is EIEC?
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Enteroinvasive E. coli(EIEC). It is the same as that of Shigella. Virulence factors are encoded in plasmids shared by Shigella and E. coli. The plasmid gives the bacteria to invade the epithelial cells. produces small amounts of shiga toxin.
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What is the relationship between E. coli and UTI?
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The acquisition of pili virulence factor allows E. coli to travel up the urethra and infect the bladder and possibly the kidney. E. coli is the most common cause especially in patients using catheters.
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Regarding the above question, culture of greater than 100,000 colonies of bacteria from the urine establishes the diagnosis of UTI. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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E. coli is the second most common cause of neonatal meningitis(group B streptococcus is first). TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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E. coli is a common cause of hospital acquired pneumonia. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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What is Klebsiella pneumoniae?
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This enteric is encapsulated(O antigen) but is non-motile(noH antigen).
It causes urinary infections in patients with Foley catheters. Alcoholics are prone to Klebsiella pneumonia, which results in bloody sputum. Sputum looks like red currant jelly. |
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Briefly describe Proteus mirabilis?
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This organism is very motile. It grows as a confluence of colonies as the bacteria rapidly move and cover the plate. It is able to break down urea and is often referred to as the urea splitting Proteus.
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What are the three starins of Proteus that have cross reacting antigens with some Rickettsis?
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OX-19/OX-2/OX-K. Serum is mixed with these proteus strains to determine whether there are antibodies in the serum that react with the proteus antigens.
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Can proteus cause UTI's?
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Yes. Examination of the urine will reveal an alkaline pH, which is due to Proteus' ability to split urea into NH3 and CO2.
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Serratia is notable for its production of a bright red pigment. It can cause UTI's, wound infections and pneumonia. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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