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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is magnification? |
-The linear enlargement of an object -X is a ratio of image : actual sizes |
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What is resolution? |
-The shortest distance between 2 points that can be distinguished as distinct |
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What are the resolutions of the eye, LM, TEM, and SEM? |
-Eye = 0.2nm -LM = 0.2 um -TEM = 0.2 nm -SEM = 10 nm |
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Describe Light Microscopy |
Light passes through several lenses to a stained specimen. H/E stains are ocmmon |
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Describe Electron Microscopy |
A heated catho-tungsten filament emits electrons and electromagnetic lenses focus the beam traveling through the column towards the anode. The electrons are either absorbed or scattered by the metals used to stain the specimen. |
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What is Transmission Electron Microscopy |
An electron beam of tungsten gets focused onto a slide of tissue that is stained with metal. Electrons pass through the sliced specimen and are converted to light. |
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What is Scanning Electron Microscopy? |
Electrons bounce off of a heavy-metal coated whole-mount specimen to achieve aa surface view of a structure/specimen. |
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What is fluorescence-based microscopy? |
Fluoro-chrome is conjugated to an antibody that absorbs at specific wavelengths |
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What is hematoxylin? |
-A blue, basic dye that is positively charged and cationic -It binds acidic (basophilic) residues like nucleic acids and PO4 |
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What substances does hematoxylin stain? |
Acidic (Basophilic) substances. -Nucleic acids/PO4 |
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What is Eosin? |
A pink, acidic dye that is negatively charged/anionic It binds basic (acidophilic) substances -Collagen, Cytoplasmic Proteins |
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What substances does Eosin bind? |
-Basic (acidophilic) substances -Collagen, cytoplasmic proteins |
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Name 5 Selective Techniques of Staining |
1. Elastic stains (black) 2. Silver - Type III Collagen (reticular) fibers 3. Trichrome - To distinguish features 4. Histochemistry 5. PAS - Magenta |
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What is Trichrome Used For? |
Distinguishing Features |
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What is Histochemistry used for? |
To localize substance by using enzyme reactions or labeled antibodies |
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What is PAS used for? |
To stain carbs, glycogen, mucus, and basement membrane. |
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What does fixing tissue accomplish? |
Stabilization |
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What are the 3 steps to Process Tissue |
1. Dehydration 2. Clearing - Make tissue miscible with wax 3. Infiltration - Saturate tissue with wax |
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What does it mean to embed tissue? |
Place it in a wax block |
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What are the final 3 steps of preparing tissue? |
Staining, mounting, coverslipping |
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How is Tissue Prepared? |
1. Fixing - Stabilization 2. Processing - Dehydrate, clear, infiltrate 3. Embed - Place in wax block 4. Section 5. Stain, mount, coverslip |
