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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bacteria divide via binary fission. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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Bacteria are haploid genetically. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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List 2 types of DNA forms found in bacteria?
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Chromosomal
Plasmid |
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Briefly describe the DNA structure of plasmids.
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Double stranded circular DNA.
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Antibiotic resistance genes, pili genes and exotoxin genes are carried on plasmids. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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How are plasmids transferred between bacteria?
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Conjugation
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What are the relative size and subunits for bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes?
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Bacterial: 70S with 50S and 30S subunits.
Eukaryotic: 80S with 60S and 40S subunits. |
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List 4 ways in which bacteria are able to acquire new genetic information.
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Transformation/transduction/
conjugation/transposon insertion. |
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can bacteria acquire genetic information by transformation?
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Yes.They take up DNA from lysed bacteria.
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What mediates the transfer genetic material in transduction?
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Bacterioiphages.
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How do bacteriophages transfer bacterial genetic material via transduction?
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Newly produced phages are packaged with bacterial genes, which are transferred to the next infected bacteria.
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List 2 types of phages?
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Virulent/Temperate
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The virulent phage causes near immediate lysis of bacteria. TRUE/FALSE
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True.
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What is a Prophage?
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Unlike virulent phages, temperate phages un dergo a period of inactivity, in which the phage DNA incorporates into the bacterial chromosomaql DNA.
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Name the two types of transduction and the type of phage responsible for each.
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Generalized(virulent phage)
Specialized(temperate phage) |
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Which part of the bacterial chromosome is transferred in specialized transduction?
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The segment of the bacterial genome adjacent to the prophage of a temperate bacteriophage.
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List 3 bacterial toxins acquired through specialized transduction?
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Diptheria
Botulinum Cholera |
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What plasmid encodes the proteins needed to form the sex pilus?
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The F plasmid(F= fertility factor)
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What is the term given when the F plasmid incorporates into the bacterial chromosomal DNA?
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Hfr(high frequency recombination)
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What are transposons?
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They are mobile segments of DNA that can insert into bacterial chromosomes and plasmids. Transposons aid in the spread of antibiotic resistance.
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What is the vanA transposon?
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This transposon has given rise to vancomycin resistant enterococci(VRE) and Vancomycin resistant S. aureus(VRSA).
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