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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What diseases does L. PNEUMOPHILA CAUSE?
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Legionnaires/Pontiac fever
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How does legionnaires disease present?
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Severe atypical lobar pneumonia with neurologic and GI(nonbloody diarrhea), hyponatremia.
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What are the risk factors for legionnaires disease?
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Cigarette smoking, chronic lung disease and immunosuppressed states.
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Where is L. pneumophila found within infected patients? Why?
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Intracellularly in alveolar monocytes/macrophages. It is a facultative intracellular organism that inhibits phagosome lysosomal fusion and replicates within the phagosome.
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How is legionnaires disease diagnosed?
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Most commonly with culture on selective media(buffered charcoal yeast extract agar), iron and cysteine are required growth factors and urinary antigen test.
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What stain is required to visualize legionnaires?
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Silver staining or immunoflurescence staining. It stains poorly with Gram stain.
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What have been the major sources for legionnaires disease/
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Water sources(air conditioners, water distribution systems) due to inhalation of aerosolized particles. person to person transmission does not occur.
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What are the treatment options for legionnaires?
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Mortality can be from 30-50%. Rapid treatment with macrolids is needed. Azithromycin, erythromycin,
Fluoroquinolones, or tetracyclines. |
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What are the signs and symptoms of Pontiac fever and how does it differ from legionnaires disease?
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Pontiac fever includes generalized headache, fever, chills and myalgias without any respiratory complaints. It is generally self limiting.
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