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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are common signs and symptoms of osteomyelitis?
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Fever, malaise, edema, bone pain(throbbing over area) tenderness.
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How do bacteria usually implant into bone to cause osteomyelitis?
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Hematogenous spread from a distant infected site or direct implantation from a local wound.
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What is the most common cause of osteomyelitis?
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S. aureus
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What are common causes of osteomyelitis in neonates?
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S. aureus, enteric gram neg rods, Strep agalactiae
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What species of bacteria is a common cause of osteomyelitis in sickle cell anemia patients?
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Salmonella. Sickle cell anemia patients are asplenic due to autosplenectomy and cannot clear Salmonella.
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What species of bacteria is a common cause of osteomyelitis in patients with prosthetic implants?
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Staphylococcus epidermidis
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What is the most common cause of osteochondritis and osteomyelitis in the foot after a puncture wound through a rubber sole?
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P. aeruginosa(thrives in moist environment, due to sweat between layers of the shoe.
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What are the special concerns for foot puncture wounds in diabetic patients?
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Diabetic patients are more prone to foot puncture wounds because of neuropathy, they are more likely to get osteomyelitis from foot puncture wounds(30-40% and they are more likely to get osteomyelitis from direct extension of cellulitis?
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What are the findings on radiographic imaging for osteomyelitis?
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Lytic focus of bone destruction surrounded by sclerosis.
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What fungus causes osteomyelitis and is endemic to southwestern US and Latin America?
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Coccidiooides immitis(Valley fever)
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What species of zoonotic bacteria enters the body by ingestion of unpasteurized dairy products and frequently causes osteomyelitis?
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Brucella species, which cause the disease brucellosis(undulant fever).
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What percentage of patients with tbc has musculoskeletal tbc?
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1-3% of all causes of TB. Spine involvement occurs in >50% of musculoskeletal tbc.
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What is Pott's disease?
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Spinal tbc usually involving the lumbar or thoracic vertebrae(results in kyphosis).
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What are the sequelae of Pott's disease in severe cases?
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Compression fracture of spine, spinal cord, and nerve root compression.
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