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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What species of bacteria helps maintain a normal vaginal pH of 3.8-4.5?
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Lactobacillus
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What species of protozoa causes a foul smelling vaginal discharge with itching and burning and on physical exam a fiery red cervix?
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Trichomonas vaginalis
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Describe the morphology of T. vaginalis?
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Pear shaped organism with 4 anterior and corkscrew motility.
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What is the treatment of choice for T. vaginalis infection?
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Metronidazole
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What is the mechanism of action for metronidazole and what types of organisms is it effective against?
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Metronidazole is reduced by the electron transport chain in anerobic bacteria to active form and then it causes DNA strand breakage and destabilization. It is effective against anerobic bacteria and trichomonas and Entamoeba, there is no resistance.
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What species of bacteria a yellow greenish malodorous vaginal discharge with increased vaginal pH(>5)?
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Gardnerella vaginalis, which is probably due to a mix of Gardnerella and anerobes overgrowing the normal Lactobacillus.
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How is bacterial vaginosis diagnosed?
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Demonstartion of clue cells on saline smear. Clue cells are vaginal squamous epithelial cells covered by bacterial cells.
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What happens when 10% potassium hydroxide is mixed with vaginal fluid from a patient with bacterial vaginosis?
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The alkaline nature of 10% KOH releases volatile amines from the vaginal fluid leading to the characteristic fishy odor. Vaginal odor is the most common symptom and often the initial symptom(prodromal) and often occurs following sexual intercourse(semen is also alkaline).
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What fungus causes a white cottage cheese like vaginal discharge and shows pseudohyphae and budding yeast on microscopic exam?
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Candida albicans
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