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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name 2 antibiotics that inhibit bacterial growth by acting as p-aminobenzoic acid(PABA) analogs.
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Sulfanamides and Dapsone
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Which enzyme in bacterial folate syntheisi is inhibited by Sulfonamides?
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Dihydropteroate synthetase
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Can bacteria obtain folic acid by diffusion or active transport?
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No. Bacteria must synthesize folic acid from PABA.
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What is the risk of giving sulfonamides during pregnancy?
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Sulfanamides can displace bilirubin from plasma albumin binding sites and induce kernicterus in the newborn.
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What are some other side efects of sulfonamides?
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Induce hemolysis in glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase(C6PD)-deficient patients, photosensitivity and hypersensitivities.
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What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?
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Inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase.
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What are important side effects of Trimethoprim?
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megaloblastic anemia, leukopaenia and granulocytopaenia. Alleviate these symptoms with supplemental folinic acid.
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What is the drug of choice for treating simple recurrent UTIs?
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Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole(TMP-SMX)
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List 6 antibacterial targets.
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1. Peptidoglcan cell wall(b-lactams/non beta(vancomycin, bacitracin, fosfomycin, cyclosporine)
2. Electron transport proteins(Metronidazole) 3. 30S ribosome subunit(aminoglycosides) 4. 50S ribosome subunit(Caf, macrolides,Clindamicin) 5. PABA 6. Folic acid synthesis(sulfanamides, TMP) 7. DNA gyrase and topoisomerase(quinolones) |
