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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Cryptococcus?
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It is caused by the yeast Cryptococcus neoformans, which is found worldwide. It is abundant in soil and pigeon droppings, though the birds are not infected.
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How is it diagnosed?
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It has a characteristic thick capsule that surrounds the budding yeast cell. A positive India ink test on cerebrospinal fluid may give a quick diagnosis of C. meningitis.
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What is the most common form?
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A mild subclinical lung infection. In immunocompromised patients it may disseminate to the brain and meninges, which is often fatal.
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How is it treated/
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Antifungal drugs such as Amphoteracin B and Flucytosine. The stage of disease often determines the course of treatment.
Fluconazole is the drug of choice for prevention of cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS patients. |
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What is Giardia?
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It is an intestinal protozoal infection. It has 2 life stages.
1. binucleate trophozoite that has 4 flagella. 2. four nucleate cyst which is drug resistant. ingested cysts form trophozoites in the duodenum where they attch to the wall but do not invade. |
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Why are Giardia fecal samples often negative despite infection?
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because they inhabit the duodenum, however a commercial immunologic ELISA test to measure Giardia antigen in fecal material is occasionally useful.
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What is an effective treatment?
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Metronidazole(Flagyl). They are often resistant to chlorine concentrations used in most treatment facilities.
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List three protozoal infections?
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1. Amebic dysentary
2. Giardia lamblia 3. Cryptosporidiosis |
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Giardiasis is the most commonly diagnosed parasitic infection in the US. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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