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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T or F: the pathogenicity of spirochetes borrelis burgdorferi is the agent of Lyme disease? |
True |
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Which hepatitis virus is the most common cause of post transfusion hepatitis? |
Hepatitis C |
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Which type of infectious condition occurs in the presence of bacteremia and unresponsive hypotension? |
Septic Shock |
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Which would be most likely to cause fever, headache, constipation, decreased appetite, stomach cramping and a rash to a traveler returning from South Asia? |
Salmonella typhi |
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By which mechanism is staphylococcus aureus most commonly spread? |
Direct contact transmission |
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When the wound has separated and the organs are protruding through the abdominal wall is referred to as? |
Evisceration |
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Which pathogens are most commonly found naturally in soil? |
Clostridium tetani |
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Which is used to identify mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria? |
Acid fast stain |
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Which is true regarding droplet precautions? |
Droplets can remain suspended in the air for over 3 hours |
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What is the most common way a blood borne pathogen is transmitted to a HC worker? |
Sharps injuries and needle stick injuries |
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After a third degree burn a pt contracts a deep tissue infection, this infection is most likely caused by? |
Pseudomonas areuginosa |
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Which type of infectious condition refers to a skin condition? |
Cellulitis |
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Which pathogen is found throughout nature and can cause tissue necrosis and sepsis? |
Clostridium perfrigens |
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Which type of infection is defined by the presence of bacteria in the blood? |
Bacteremia |
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Which type of infection occurs due to superinfection of a gangrene limb with a non-gas forming organism? |
Wet gangrene |
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Which type of infection occurs due to superinfection of a gangrene limb with a gas forming organism? |
Gas gangrene |
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A person contracting a disease begins to produce their own antibodies, this is referred to as? |
Naturally acquired active immunity |
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Which is true regarding methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)? |
MRSA is not often found in people who do not have infections |
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When is the best time for a HC worker with a needle sticks injury to start post exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention? |
Immediately |
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Which types of infectious conditions occurs when pathogens spread along fasciae planes? |
Necrotizing fasciitis |
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Which is generally considered the most common gut flora? |
Escherichia Coli |
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A postoperative surgical site infection is most likely to cause? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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Which bacteria is often found in soil and can cause seizures, paralysis, severe muscle spasm and even death if transmitted? |
Clostridium tetani |
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Which bacteria is a gram positive cocci? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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An inanimate object that harbors/transmits bacteria is a? |
Fomite |
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Which is generally associated with nosocomial ventilator associated pneumonia? |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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Hepatitis B is caused by a? |
Virus |
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Which type of infectious condition occurs in the presence of bacteremia, fever and tachycardia? |
Sepsis |
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Which type of infectious condition occurs most frequently in patients with peripheral artery disease? |
Dry gangrene |
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Which refers to the spread of pathogens between different types of objects or species? |
Cross infection |
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Which is associated with scarlet fever? |
Hemolytic streptococci |
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Which is most commonly found colonizing human skin and mucosal surfaces? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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Which are true about diabetic gangrene and gas gangrene? |
Gas gangrene is caused by clostridium perfringens and diabetic gangrene is caused by an obstructed blood supply |
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Which is an example of airborne transmission? |
Sneezing by an infected person not covering his mouth |
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An endogenous infection is introduced to the wound by organism from? |
The pt himself/herself |
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What is the major reservoir of staphylococcus in a carrier? |
Skin |
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The passage of fluid through a cell membrane is called? |
Osmosis |
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Oxygen dependent bacteria are said to be? |
Aerobic |
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The destruction of bacteria by white cells during the inflammatory process is called? |
Phagocytosis |
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Microorganisms that cause a disease are known as? |
Pathogens |
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Mycotic infections (athletes foot and ringworm) are caused by? |
Fungi |
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Organisms that cause hepatitis are? |
Viruses |
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The bacteria that are spherical in shape, appear in clusters and are the most common cause of postoperative wound infections are? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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Which bacilli are spore forming anaerobes, found in soil and capable of causing gas gangrene? |
Clostridium perfringens |
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Which is infectious organism is most likely to be transmitted through a contaminated needle stick? |
Hepatitis B |
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A microbial relationship in which one organism lives completely at the expense of the host is? |
Parasitism |
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The most widely used method for identifying bacteria by dividing them into two groups is? |
Gram stain |
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What gram stain turns red at the end of the staining procedure? |
Gram negative |
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Normal flora of the intestines tract includes? |
Escherichia coli |
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The most likely portal of entry for the treponema pallidum organism is? |
Genitourinary tract |
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The immunity received by having had a disease (measles) is known as? |
Naturally acquired active immunity |
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Airborne contamination in the OR can be reduced by? |
Filtering out particles with high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters |
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Staphylococcus aureus would most likely be transmitted by? |
Nose and mouth |
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The clinical syndrome characterized by microbial invasion of the blood stream is? |
Septicemia |
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Rod shaped bacteria are identified microscopically as? |
Bacilli |
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Herpes simplex is commonly called? |
Cold sore |
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Clostridium tetani causes? |
Lockjaw |
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A fulminating infection arising from necrotic tissue and spreading rapidly is? |
Gas gangrene |
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A severe allergic reaction possible resulting in death is called? |
Anaphylactic shock |
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What organism is responsible for a boil? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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Gas gangrene is caused by? |
C. Perfringens |
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The bacteria highly resistant to sterilization and disinfection is? |
Spores |
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Which body fluid is LEAST likely to transmit HIV? |
Saliva |
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What bacteria is the common cause for postoperative infections? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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The type of immunity that is acquired by a vaccination is? |
Artificial active immunity |
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What living cells are more complex, have a nucleus and include Protozoa, fungi, green red and brown algae? |
Eukaryotic |
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Asepsis means? |
Absence of microbes |
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The microbes that reside on the skin that are easily removed are referred to as? |
transient |
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What is responsible for bacterial motility? |
Flagella |
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When there is a relationship between two organisms that occupy the same space but one organism benefits and the other does not but is unharmed is? |
Commensalism |
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Which causes the disease “mad cow”? |
Prion |
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Definition of pandemic is? |
Disease that has spread throughout the world |
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A spiral shaped bacteria are identified as? |
Spirilla |
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Which microorganism is responsible for causing gastric ulcer disease? |
Helicobacter pylori |
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What immune protection is available to the fetus? |
Natural passive |
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The bacteria that causes rheumatic fever is? |
Streptococcus |
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What type of wound would favor the development of gas gangrene? |
Necrotic (dead) |
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This bacteria appears in chains, most are gram positive and are non-spore forming and can live with or without free oxygen? |
Streptococci |
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Which gram positive bacteria can cause abscesses? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
