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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rickettsia prowazekii
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epidemic typhus;transmitted by lice;flourishes in crowded and unsanitary surroundings
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Rickettsia typhi
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endemic murine typhus;transmitted by rat fleas
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Wolbachia
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symbiont of insects;most common infectious bacterial genus in the world;infects over a million species of insects, millipedes, mites, spiders, crustaceans and nematodes;75% of animal species infected
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Agrobacterium tumefaciens
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causes crown gall;contains Ti plasmid with T-DNA;
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Hyphomicrobium
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reproduces by budding
lives in low-nutrient aquatic environment grows in laboratory water baths |
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Nitrobacter
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Oxidizes nitrite to nitrate;nitrifying bacteria;Chemoautotrophic
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Rhizobium
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endosymbiont of legumes;causes formation of root nodules;nitrogen fixation
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Azospirillum
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soil bacterium that grows in close association with the roots of many plants, especially tropical grasses (sugar cane, but also corn)
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Burkholderia cepacia
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extraordinary nutritional spectrum;capable of degrading more than 100 different organic molecules;
factor in contamination of equipment and drugs in hospitals;grows in disinfectant solutions;problem for people with cystic fibrosis;recently emerged as an important opportunistic pathogen of the lower respiratory tract, affecting immunocompromised individuals (like cysitc fibrosis) |
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Bordetella pertussis
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attach to ciliated cells in trachea; impede ciliary action and destroy cells;1996 new acellular vaccine (DTaP)
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Thiobacillus
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chemoautotroph;oxidizes sulfur or hydrogen sulfide to sulfate
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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gonorrhea - most common reportable communicable disease in US
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Nitrosomonas
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oxidizes ammonium to nitrite
Spirillum;found mainly in fresh water |
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Zoogloea
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important in aerobic sewage-treatment processes;forms fluffy, slimy masses that are essential to the proper operation of such systems
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Beggiatoa alba
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resembles filamentous cyanobacteria;not photosynthetic;uses hydrogen sulfide as an energy source - oxidizes it;chemoautotrophic
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Thiomargarita namibiensis
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750 micrometers in diameter
interior vacuole that stores nitrate during periodic upwellings oxidizes hydrogen sulfide chemoautotrophic anaerobic respiration with nitrate as final electron acceptor |
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Francisella tularensis
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tularemia;
zoonose - transmitted by contact with infected animals (rabbits and ground squirrels) |
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Legionella pneumophila
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legionellosis - Legionnaires’ disease (1976)
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Coxiella burnetii
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Q fever;most commonly transmitted by aerosols of contaminated milk;spread to humans by ingestion of unpasteurized milk and by inhaling aerosols in dairy barns
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Azomonas and Azotobacter
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nitrogen fixation - reduce nitrogen gas to ammonium
free living in soil |
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What is this bacteria?
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Azotobacter
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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blue green pigmentation
infects urinary tracts, burns, wounds |
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Vibrio cholerae
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cholera
profuse watery diarrhea;produce an exotoxin - cholera toxin |
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Klebsiella pneumoniae
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occasionally causes a serious form of pneumonia in humans
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Salmonella enterica
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infectious to warm-blooded animals;differences in antigens on flagella (H), capsules (K) and cell walls (O)
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Salmonella typhimurium
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causes typhoid fever
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Most virulent serotype of Salmonella is?
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Salmonella typhi which cause typhoid fever (not found in animals)
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Serratia
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red pigment;used to test bioweapon dispersal in Bay Area - thought harmless, but many sickened
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Shigella
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bacillary dysentery - shigellosis
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Yersinia pestis
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plague - Black Death - bubonic plague
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Haemophilus influenzae
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common cause of meningitis in young children
frequent cause of earaches, epiglotitis, septic arthritis, bronchitis and pneumonia |
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Haemophilus ducreyi
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sexually transmitted disease - chancroid
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Bdellovibrio
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attack other gram-negative bacteria
penetrate outer membrane reproduce in periplasm; host cell lyses releasing them |
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Desulfovibrio
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sulfur reducing bacteria;reduce oxidized forms of sulfur (S or sulfates) to hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
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Campylobacter jejuni
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leading cause of foodborne intestinal disease
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Helicobacter pylori
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most common cause of peptic ulcers;a cause of stomach cancer;produces an abundance of urease that converts urea to ammonia (alkaline) which combats the very low pH of gastric juices;urea breath test for diagnosis
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Anabaena
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a filamentous cyanobacterium
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Prochlorococcus
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probably the most abundant organism on Earth; and contain chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b
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Chlorobium
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green sulfur bacteria;
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Dehalococcoides
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Green non sulfur bacteria;uses these chemicals as final electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration.
Halorespiration; dehalorespiration; halorespiring bacteria |
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Clostridium tetani
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tetanus;potent neurotoxin - tetanospasmin
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Clostridium botulinum
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botulism (type of food poisoning);in anaerobic conditions, germinating endospores produce the most potent of all natural toxins
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Clostridium perfringens
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gastroenteritis and gas gangrene
gastroenteritis;one of the more common, if under recognized, forms food poisoning in the US;associated with meats or meat stews contaminated with intestinal contents during slaughter |
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Clostridium difficile
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severe diarrhea in patients taking antibiotics
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Epulopiscium fishelsoni
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large bacterium;lives symbiotically in gut of Red Sea surgeonfish;has a large genetic capacity - 25X as much DNA as a human cell;as many as 85,000 copies of one gene
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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It causes the disease Mycoplasma pneumonia, a form of bacterial pneumonia
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Bacillus anthracis
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anthrax
disease of cattle, sheep and horses can be transmitted to people; possible bioweapon |
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Bacillus thuringiensis
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crystalline toxin (Bt toxin) cuts up the guts of some insect larvae;Gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, commonly used as a pesticide
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Listeria monocytogenes
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one of the most virulent foodborne pathogens with 20 to 30 percent of clinical infections resulting in death
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Staphylococcus aureus
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coagulase positive;yellow-pigmented colonies;grow and survive in nasal secretions;MRSA - methycillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
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Lactobacillus
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used commercially in the production of sauerkraut, pickles, buttermilk and yogurt;sold as a treatment for diarrhea
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Streptococcus pyogenes
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cause of Group A streptococcal infections;erysipelas;impetigo
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Streptococcus agalactica
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inhabits vagina of more than 60% of women;can cause deadly sepsis in newborns
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Streptococcus mutans
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cariogenic;lives in our mouth;teeth coated with dextran
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Frankia
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nitrogen fixing symbiont in alder tree roots
root nodules form |
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Gardnerella vaginalis
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vaginitis;often present in male urethra
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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causative agent of most cases of tuberculosis
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Mycobacterium leprae
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grows in the peripheral nervous system;Temperature optimum 30oC;causes leprosy
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Streptomyces
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produces conidiospores;produce most of our commercial antibiotics; isolated from soil
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Chlamydia trachomatis
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trachoma (a common form of blindness),
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Borrelia burgdorferi
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most common tickborne disease in US
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Treponema pallidum
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syphilis - yaws
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Picture of what?
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Sulfolobus solfataricus
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