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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the G stain of Propionibacterium acnes?
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this is a G+
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What is the morphology of Propionibacterium acnes?
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aerotolerant anaerobe
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What disease does Propionibacterium acnes cause usually?
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acne
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Where in the skin is Propionibacterium acnes usually found?
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in the sebaceous glands
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What is the morphology of staph aureus?
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Gram+ catalase positive, beta hemolytics
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What type of infections does staph aureus usually cause? What are the two?
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skin infections
exfoliative- skin sloughs off due to TOXINS pyrogenic - TSST |
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What is the coagulase test of staph aureus
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this is coagulase positive
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What is the morphology of strep pyogenes?
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this is G+ cocci, on a string of pearls
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What kinds of infections does strep pyogenes cause?
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spreading infections
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What kinds of infections does s. aures usually cause?
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localized abscesses
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What is an abscess?
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this is a localized collection of pus surrounded by inflamed tissue
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What does propionibacterium acnes feed on?
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sebum, so excess sebum production causes acne
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What is the primary age group of propionibacterium acnes?
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adolesecence
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Are white heads or blackheads inflammatory?
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no they are not
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Is is Zit inflammatory?
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it is inflammatory (which makes sense, as its red and painful)
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What are microcomedos?
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these are white heads (closed comedo) and blackheads (open comedo)
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What is a macule?
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a flat non-papable lesion
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What is a papule?
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a palpable (raised) lesion
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What is a vesicle?
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a palpable fluid filled lesion
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What is a pustule?
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a palpable pus filled lesion
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What is the most severe form of acne?
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this is a nodule- a large painful lesion lodged deep within in skin. can form acne
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What is the typical topical treatment of acne? how does it work?
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retinoids
these are comedolytic, antiinflammatory, and decreases cohesiveness of keratinocytes |
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Who cannot get a systemic retinoid?
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pregnant people because it is a teratogen (both men and women)
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What is the primary drug in Proactive?
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benzoyl peroxide
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How does benzoyl peroxide work?
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this is a peeling agent
also kills resistant P acnes |
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What is superficial folliculitis?
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this is many small papules/pustules on an erythematous base pierced by a central hair
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What are the two primary bugs that cause folliculitis?
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Staph aureus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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What is the morphology of pseudomonas aeruginosa?
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this is G- bacilli
has pyocyanin which makes blue pus and flouresecent green siderophore |
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What bug is typically the causes of Barbers itch (impetigo of bockhard) and Sty's (hordeolum)?
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Staph aureus
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What bug typically causes the "hot tub" folliculitis?
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Pseduomonal aeruginosa
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What side effects can come from hot tub folliculitis?
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this can lead to systemic involvement due to LPS of P. aeruginosa
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What are Furuncles?
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these are small abscesses that extend down into the dermis. Called a Boil*
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What is the typical pathogen of Furuncles?
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Staph aureus
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What are Carbuncles?
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these are aggregates of connected furuncles (also staph aureus related)
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How do you treat Furuncles and Carbuncles?
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Warm compress
Remove pus via Incise and Drain. cannot use systemic antibiotics due to coagulase preventing drugs from getting in. |
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What is Pyoderma?
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this is a bacterial skin infection marked by pus filled lesions, that SPREAD**, but only within the dermis/epidermis
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What is Impetigo Contagiosa?
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this is a single erythematous macule that turns into a vesicle, then ruptures and crusts over.
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What are the two main bugs that cause Impetigo contagiosa?
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S aureus (primary) and GAS- (secondary)
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Who usually gets impetigo contagiosa (nonbullous impetigo)
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mostly kids under 6 years old, on exposed surfaces.
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What environmental factors lead to impetigo contagiosa?
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hot humid weather,
contact sports, poor hygiene |
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What causes bullous impetigo?
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staph aureus that expresses Exfoliative toxin
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What does Bullous impetigo look like?
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these are superficial blisters that form thin whit blisters (bullae) that burst and crust over
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What group of people usually gets bullous impetigo?
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common in children under two years old
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What is Ecthyma? what does it look like?
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this is ulcerative pyodema that extends into the dermis.
This typically has a greenish yellow crust to it |
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What is the causative agent of Ecthyma?
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group A strep
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Who usually gets ecthyma?
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young, old, diabetics
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What parts of the body are usually affected by ecthyma?
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lower extremities
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What are the complications of ecthyma?
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pigmented scars
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What are the main treatments for Impetigo and Ecthyma?
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hygiene
debridement topical antibiotics systemic antibiotics like- Augmentin, cephalosproins TMP/SMX for MRSA |
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Where does cellulitis usually stay?
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in the dermis and epidermis
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What are the usual bugs that cause Cellulitis?
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S aureas
MRSA Acinetobacter Baumannii (multidrug resistant) |
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What are the Hallmark signs of cellulitis?**
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Heat, Erythema, Edema, Tenderness
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What bug is the main cause of crepitant cellulitis?
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clostridium perfringens
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What is the lab work up for extensive cellulitis?
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Gram stain
culture CT and MRI |
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What drugs do you NOT give for cellulitis treatment?
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avoid NSAID's as they mask the worsening disease
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If a postoperative cellulitis develops within 24 hours of surgery, what bug is it most likely?
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Group A Strep
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What two things lead you to believe that a cellulitis is Staph aureus rather GAS?
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s aureus- IF: no obvious entry site, no obvious primary infection site
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What is the morphology of Acinetobacter Baumannii?
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G- coccobacilli
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What kinds of infections are common with Acinetobacter Baumannii?
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skin and soft tissue infections that are multi-drug resistant and pan drug resistant (BAD!)
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What is Pasteurella Multocida associated with?
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Cat bite cellulitis
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What are the two freshwater bugs that contaminate wounds and causes cellulitis?
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Aeromonas hydrophilia
Legionella |
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What is the saltwater bug that infects wounds and causes cellulitis?
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vibrio vulnificus
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What is Erysipelas?
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this is a cellulitis with a distinct border, and induration. Looks kinda like a sharply bordered sun burn
always has HEET symptoms |
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What bug causes Erysipelas?
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GAS
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What drug do we use to treat GAS?
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penicillin G
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