Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
all DNA viruses except what are dsDNA?
|
parvoviridae (part-of-a-virus)
|
|
|
all DNA viruses are linear except what?
|
papovaviruses (circular, supercoiled), hepadnaviruses (circular, incomplete)
|
|
|
name 3 naked RNA viruses?
|
calcivirus, picornavirus, reovirus (naked CPR)
|
|
|
this type of virus acquires envelopes from the nuclear membrane
|
herpesvirus
|
|
|
most enveloped viruses aquire their envelope from where?
|
from plasma membrane when they exit from cell
|
|
|
all viruses are haploid except what?
|
retroviruses, which have 2 identical ssRNA molecules (diploid)
|
|
|
all DNA viruses replicate where? what is the exception?
|
nucleus - except poxvirus
|
|
|
all RNA viruses replicate where? what are the exceptions?
|
cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
|
|
|
name the DNA viruses
|
HHAPPPy viruses: hepadna, herpes, adeno, pox, parvo, papova
|
|
|
this DNA virus carries its own DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
|
poxvirus
|
|
|
all DNA viruses are icosahedral except what?
|
pox (complex)
|
|
|
naked DNA viruses (3)
|
PAP: parvo, adeno, papova
|
|
|
enveloped DNA viruses (3)
|
HPH: hepadna, pox, herpes
|
|
|
what is the largest DNA virus?
|
poxvirus
|
|
|
virus causing febrile pharyngitis, pneumonia, conjunctivitis
|
adenovirus
|
|
|
virus causing aplastic crises in sickle cell disease, fifth disease, hydrops fetalis?
|
parvovirus
|
|
|
what is the smallest DNA virus?
|
parvovirus (ss linear)
|
|
|
HBV is a member of what virus family?
|
hepadnavirus - DNA, partial circular
|
|
|
members of the picornavirus family?
|
PERCH:
poliovirus echovirus rhinovirus coxsackievirus HAV |
|
|
HEV and Norwalk virus belong to what family?
|
calciviruses - RNA (ss, linear), icosahedral
|
|
|
virus causing roseola (exanthem subitum)
|
HHV-6
|
|
|
virus related to Kaposi's sarcoma?
|
HHV-8
|
|
|
what type of virus is JC - causes PML in HIV
|
papovavirus
|
|
|
type of virus causing Colorado tick fever?
|
reovirus
|
|
|
number one cause of fatal diarrhea in kids?
|
rotavirus
|
|
|
togaviruses (3)?
|
rubella, EEE, WEE
|
|
|
flaviviruses (5)?
|
HCV, yellow fever, dengue, St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile virus
|
|
|
to what family does influenza virus belong?
|
orthomyxovirus
|
|
|
paramyxoviruses (4)
|
PaRaMyxovirus:
parainfluenza - croup RSV measles mumps |
|
|
Rx for RSV bronchiolitis in kids?
|
ribavirin
|
|
|
what type of virus is rabies?
|
rhabdovirus
|
|
|
what type of virus is HDV?
|
deltavirus
|
|
|
MMR, Sabin polio, VZV, yellow fever, smallpox, and adenovirus have what type of vaccine?
|
live attenuated
|
|
|
rabies, infulenza, HAV, and Salk polio are what type of vaccine?
|
killed
|
|
|
egg-based vaccines?
|
FRY an egg:
Flu, MMR, Yellow fever |
|
|
the vaccine for what is recombinant?
|
HBV- antigen is recombinant HBsAg
|
|
|
exchange of genes between 2 chromosomes by crossing over within regions of significant base sequence homology
|
recombination
|
|
|
when viruses with segmented genomoes (e.g. influenza) exchange segments. high-frequency virus recombination; cause of worldwide pandemics
|
reassortment
|
|
|
when 1 of 2 viruses that infect the cell has a mutation that results in a nonfunctional protein; the nonmutated virus complemetns the mutated one by making a functional protein that serves both viruses
|
complementation
|
|
|
genome of virus A can be coated with the surface proteins of virus B; type B protein coat determines the infectivity of the phenotypically mixed virus; however, the progeny from this infection has a type A coat and is encoded by type A genetic material
|
phenotypic mixing
|
|
|
DNA enveloped viruses (3)
|
herpesvirus, HBV, smallpox
|
|
|
DNA nucleocapsid viruses (3)
|
adenovirus, papillomaviruses, parvovirus
|
|
|
influenza virus, parainfluenza, RSV, measles, mumps, rubella, rapies, HTLV, and HIV are what type of RNA viruses?
|
RNA enveloped viruses
|
|
|
enteroviruses (poliovirus, coxsackie virus, echovirus, HAV), rhinovirus, and reovirus are what type of RNA viruses?
|
RNA nucleocapsid
|
|
|
segmented viruses?
|
all are RNA viruses: BOAR
bunyaviruses, orhtomyxoviruses, arenaviruses, and reoviruses |
|
|
all paramyxoviruses have 1 serotype except what?
|
parainfluenza virus - has 4
|
|
|
parainfluenza, mumps, measles, and RSV all belong to what family?
|
paramyxoviruses
|
|
|
parotitis, orchitis, and aseptic meningitis?
|
mumps
|
|
|
bluish-gray spots on buccal mucosa?
|
Koplik spots - diagnostic for measles
|
|
|
drugs for influenza A?
|
amantadine and rimantadine (especially prophylaxis)
|
|
|
drugs useful for both influenza A and B?
|
zanamivir and oseltamivir (neuraminidase inhibitors)
|
|
|
virus with a bullet-shaped capsid?
|
rabies
|
|
|
how does rabies travel to CNS?
|
migrates in a retrograde fashion up axons
|
|
|
variant of dengue fever in Southeast Asia?
|
hemorrhagic shock syndrome
|
|
|
caused by flavivirus, an arbovirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitos
|
yellow fever
|
|
|
high fever, black vomit, jaundice
|
yellow fever
|
|
|
councilman bodies (acidophilic inclusions) may be seen in liver with this virus
|
yellow fever
|
|
|
virus causing mono with negative monospot?
|
CMV
|
|
|
heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs?
|
monospot test
|
|
|
tzanck test
|
a smear of opened skin vesicle to detect multinucleated giant cells - used to assay for HSV-1, HSV-2, and VZV
|
|
|
hepatitis RNA picornavirus
|
HAV
|
|
|
hepatitis DNA hepadnavirus
|
HBV
|
|
|
hepatitis RNA flavivirus
|
HCV
|
|
|
hepatitis delta virus
|
HDV
|
|
|
hepatitis RNA calcivirus
|
HEV
|
|
|
how is HAV trasmitted?
|
fecal-oral
|
|
|
type of hepatitis that is transmitted enterically and causes water-borne epidemics
|
HEV
|
|
|
defective virus that requires HBsAg as its envelope
|
HDV
|
|
|
common cause of transfusion-mediated hepatitis
|
HCV
|
|
|
best test to detect active hepatitis A?
|
IgM HAVAb
|
|
|
continued presenc of what indicates carrier state of HBV?
|
HBSAg
|
|
|
provides immunity to HBV
|
HBsAb
|
|
|
positive during the window period of HBV
|
HBcAb
|
|
|
HBV vaccination - what serologic marker is seen?
|
HBsAb only
|
|
|
rectangular nucleocapsid protein of HIV?
|
p24
|
|
|
HIV envelope proteins?
|
gp41 and gp120
|
|
|
what crosses placenta in HIV infected mothers
|
anti-gp120
|
|
|
CXCR1 mutation
|
rapid progression to AIDS
|
|
|
CCR5 mutation
|
homozygous - immunity (1% U.S. caucasians)
heterozygous - slower course (20% U.S. caucasians) |
|
|
infectious agents that don't contain DNA or RNA, just protein
|
prions
|
|
|
normal prions have what? pathologic prions are what?
|
normal - alpha helix
pathologic (like CJD) - beta pleated sheets |
|
|
virus family of HPV?
|
papovavirus
|
|
|
aseptic meningitis, herpangina - febrile pharyngitis, hand, foot, and mouth disease, myocarditis
|
coxsackievirus - picornavirus
|
|
|
rotavirus belongs to what family?
|
reovirus - DS linear segmented RNA
|
|
|
hemorrhagic fever, pneumonia, RDS in NM, AZ, CO, UT
|
hantavirus - member of bunyavirus family (SS circular RNA; helical capsid)
|
|
|
ebola/marburg are what types of viruses?
|
filoviruses - SS linear RNA, helical capsid
|
|
|
triad of cutaneous hemorrhages, deafness, and periventricular CNS calcifications in a neonate
|
congenital CMV infection
|
