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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Some ways you can name a virus
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Size
Enveloped or not Where is affects Where it was discovered |
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Ways to classify a virus
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size
morphology genome means of transmission/replication double or single stranded linear or circular |
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mature virus particle
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Virion
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Life cycle of a bacteria
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Recognition attachment penetrationuncoating to expose nucleic acid replication, protein synthesis reasemble escapes
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Mechanisms of viral transmission
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Aerosols
Food/water Fomites Contact with secretions sexual contact/birth blood transfusions zoonoses |
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What happens during the incubation period
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virus replicating
hasnt reached target tissue limited damage no sx yet |
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oncogenic
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viruses that impart some of their DNA into our genomes
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The Smallest DNA virus
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Parvovirus B19
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Sx of Parvovirus B19
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erythema infectiosum
IgM may be positive 3 days after viremia occurs BE VERY CAUTIOUS AROUND PREGNANT PATIENTS |
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Cause of respiratory tract infections, conjunctivitis, hemorrhagic cystitis and GE
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Adenoviruses
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Adenovirus
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nonenveloped, double stranded DNA
causes intusseption in kids If no bacterial culture/suspect |
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Chicken pox
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HHV-3
Varicella Dew drop petals in different stages |
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Epstein Barr virus
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HHV 4
Transmitted through saliva |
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Generic test for Epstein Barr Virus
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Monospot
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other labs for EBV
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Lymphocytosis, reversed differential with atypical lymphs, increased AST/ALT and a monospot
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Oncogenic EBV
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Burkitts lymphoma
EBV+ Malaria |
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Has inclusion bodies with owls eyes
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Cytomegalovirus
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Where doe Pox viruses duplicate
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in the cytoplastm
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Variola
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Smallpox
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Which hepatitis is NOT an RNA virus
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Hep B
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Which hepititis are most people seropositive for?
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Hep A
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Which hepatitis does not have a vaccine?
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Hep C
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Route of Transmissions for Hep A
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fecal-oral
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Vaccine for Hep A
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Havrix
given at 0 and 6-12 mo later |
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when does the HBs antigen first appear?
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during the incubation period and then dissapears
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How do enveloped viruses get transferred
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usually like to stay wet
like mucus membranes and fluid secretions |
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Early protein synthesis vs late protein synthesis
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Virus will make genome first in early protein synthesis then make structural proteins
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fomites
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objects that have the virus on them
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tropism
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host specificity
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hidden viruses
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latent virus with little to no symptoms
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HHV-8
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Kaposi's Sarcoma
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Special about Herpes Serology
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good for first exposure but not after that
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HHV-3
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Varicella
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vaccine shingles prevention
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Zostavax
prevents shingles in pts over 60 |
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Reversed diff
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more lymphocytes than neutrophils
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Target cell for EBV
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B lymphocytes
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Smallpox transmission
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repiratory
contact with skin lesions |
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Common sx of hepatits
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jaundice, fatigue, light colored stools, dark urine
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Hepatitis transmitted through food and water
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Hep A and Hep E
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Hepatitis transmitted through sex, blood and close contact
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Hep B, C and D
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One of the first antibodes that is seen in a Hep B serology
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HBs-Ag
Hep B surface antigen starts before symptoms |
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In response to HBs-Ag this is made
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Anti-HBs
checking for immunity |
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The time between exposure and antibody production
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Window period
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When you see HBe-Ag...
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the patient is very infectious with a lot of replication going on
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Only Anti- that will be positive during the core window
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Anti- IgM antibody for the core
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Which hepatitis cannot cause chronic disease
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A
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Can cause cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma
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Hep B and C
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Paramyxovirus
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measles- ruboela
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Where does the rash for measles start?
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Starts on the forehead and goes to trunk
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early sign of measles
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Koblik spots
appear 1-2 days before rash |
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paramyxovirus with lipid envelope
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Mumps
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Target organs of mumps
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Repiratory tract, testes, ovaries, salivary glands
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Most common gland affected wit Mumps
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parotid gland
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RSV
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Respiratory syncytial virus
forms syncitia large cells with a lot of nuclei |
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Most common cause of bronciolaitis under 2 years old
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RSV
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Diseases that form syncytia
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RSV, HSV, VZV, HIV, Measles
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Target organs of Rubella
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lymph nodes and spleen
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Orthomyxovirus
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influenzae
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Which influenza can go through shift
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Influenza A
MAJOR CHANGE |
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NO asprin given to kids with influenzae because...
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prevent Reyes syndrome
fatty degenration of the liver |
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Picronoviruses
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Coxsackievirus
Polio Rhinovirus Hep A |
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Hand, foot and mouth disease
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Coxsackie A16
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inactivated polio vaccine
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Salk vaccine
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More effective polio vaccine
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Live attenuated oral polio- lifelong immunity- Sabin
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Why isnt the live polio vaccine not given anymore
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Excreted through the stool and immunocomprimised people were getting polio`
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Sx of rabies
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glazed over look
lots of saliva- foaming at the mouth painful swallowing affects mucous membranes |
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culture of rabies
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Negri bodies
very dark bodies in brain cells postmortemly |
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dead end hosts for West Nile
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humans and horses
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Confirmatory test for HIV
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Western Blot
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Oncogenic Infections
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EBV
HPV 16,18 HBV, HBC HHV-8 Karposis sarcoma HTLV-1 Leukemias |
