Microbiology Unit 3

Front 1

Anabolism

Back 1

All synthesis reactions in a living organism; the building of complex organic molecules from simpler ones

Front 2

Antibiotic

Back 2

An antimicrobial agent, usually produced naturally by a bacterium or fungus

Front 3

Antisepsis

Back 3

A chemical method for disinfection of the skin or mucous membranes; the chemical is called an antiseptic

Front 4

ATP

Back 4

adenosine triphosphate - an important intracellular energy source

Front 5

Autoclave

Back 5

equipment for sterilization by steam under pressure, usally operated at 15 psi and 121 C

Front 6

Bacteriocidal

Back 6

A description of an agent that kills bacteria.

Front 7

Bacteriostatic

Back 7

A description of an agent that stops the growth (reproduction) of bacteria, but does NOT kill them.

Front 8

Binary fission

Back 8

Prokaryotic cell reproduction by division into two daughter cells

Front 9

Budding

Back 9

asexual reproduction beginning as a protuberance from the parent cell that grows to become a daughter cell (2) release of an enveloped virus through the plasma membrane of an animal cell

Front 10

Buffer

Back 10

A substance that tends to stabilize the pH of a solution

Front 11

Catabolism

Back 11

all decomposition reactions in a living organism; the breakdown of complex organic compounds into simpler ones

Front 12

Chemoautotroph

Back 12

An organism that uses an inorganic chemical as an energy source and carbon dioxide as its carbon source

Front 13

Chemoheterotroph

Back 13

An organism that uses organic molecules as a source of carbon and energy

Front 14

Ethylene oxide

Back 14

A disinfectant and an intermediate product in the production of various chemicals

Front 15

Facultative anaerobe

Back 15

an organism that can grow with or without molecular oxygen

Front 16

Fermentation

Back 16

the enzymatic degradation of carbohydrates in which the final electron acceptor is an organic molecule, ATP is synthesized by substrate-level phosphorylation, and O2 is not required

Front 17

Glycolysis

Back 17

The main pathway for the oxidation of glucose to pyruvic acid; also called Embden-Meyerhof pathway

Front 18

Halophile

Back 18

archaebacteria requiring a salt-rich environment for growth and survival

Front 19

Helminth

Back 19

a parasitic roundworm or flatworm

Front 20

Hypertonic

Back 20

A solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than an isotonic solution

Front 21

Hypotonic/hypertonic

Back 21

A solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than an isotonic solution

Front 22

Kirby-Bauer test

Back 22

disk-diffusion method

Front 23

Krebs cycle

Back 23

a pathway that converts 2-carbon compounds to CO2, transferring electrons to NAD and other carriers; also called tricarboxylic acid or critic acid cycle

Front 24

Mitosis

Back 24

a eukaryotic cell replication process in which the chromosomes are duplicated; usually followed by division of the cytoplasm of the cell

Front 25

Obligate

Back 25

Restricted to a particular set of environmental conditions

Front 26

Organic acids

Back 26

Group of organic compounds containing the carboxylic group -C(O)OH, formed by the oxidation of aldehydes

Front 27

Oxygenic phototroph

Back 27

Producing oxygen, as in plant and cyanobacterial photosynthesis

Front 28

Pasteurization

Back 28

the process of mild heating to kill particular spoilage microorganisms or pathogens

Front 29

Photoautotroph

Back 29

An organism that uses light as its energy source and carbon dioxide as its carbon source

Front 30

Photoheterotroph

Back 30

An organism that uses light as its energy source and an organic carbon source

Front 31

Psychrophile

Back 31

an organism that grows best at about 15 C and does not grow above 20 C; a cold-loving microbe

Front 32

Thermophile

Back 32

an organism whose optimal growth temp is between 50 C and 60 C; a heat loving microbe