Microbiology U4.10.06 Final - Gram Positive Cocci Diseases

Front 1

Staphylococcal infections of the skin are very common in the ____ environment & causes real problems with post-____ infections

Back 1

HOSPITAL - OPERATIVE

Front 2

S. aureus. These cocci are seen under the microscope as irregular ____

Back 2

CLUSTERS

Front 3

S. aureus. They are part of the normal ____ of the skin

Back 3

FLORA

Front 4

S. aureus. They are divided into those that produce ____ (the facultatively anaerobic pathogen S. aureus) & those that don't (several harmless skin species including S. EPIDERMIDIS) S. aureus is especially prevalent in the ____

Back 4

COAGULASES - NASOPHARYNX

Front 5

S. aureus. It is this organism that causes ____, ____ (infected EYELASH FOLLICLES), ____ (a localized region of inflamed tissue with PUS) & ____ (more extensive damage, a HARD & deep infection accompanied by FEVER)

Back 5

PIMPLES - STYS - BOILS - CARBUNCLES

Front 6

S. aureus. If the toxins of this organism circulate then, ____ or more specifically ____ ____ ____ (FEVER, VOMITING, RASH, DECREASE IN BLOOD PRESSURE, ORGAN FAILURE)

Back 6

TOXEMIA - TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME

Front 7

TSS. This syndrome is correlated with prolonged use of ____ & is a problem from growth around SURGICAL ____ & post ____

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TAMPONS - DRESSINGS - PARTURITION

Front 8

S. aureus. Another syndrome associated with a TEMPERATE phage is ____ ____ ____

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SCALDED SKIN SYNDROME

Front 9

S. aureus. The organism produces problematic cell wall ____ & secretes ____ (EXFOLIATIVE TOXIN) which interfere with the immune system

Back 9

ENDOTOXINS - EXOTOXINS

Front 10

S. aureus. Treatment is with ____ or ____ most are penicillin ____

Back 10

METHICILLIN or VANCOMYCIN - RESISTANT

Front 11

Staphylococcal intoxication is one of the most common forms of food ____ ____

Back 11

POISONING INTOXICATIONS

Front 12

Staphylococcal intoxication. It is due to the production of an ____ (an exotoxin that affects the intestine) by S. aureus.

Back 12

ENTEROTOXIN

Front 13

Staphylococcal intoxication. It is so widespread in the environment & resistant to ____ & ____ pressure that it readily enters & grows on food

Back 13

HEAT & OSMOTIC

Front 14

Staphylococcal intoxication. The threshold number of cells present to cause the disease is __ per gram

Back 14

10 per gram

Front 15

Enterotoxin. The production of this toxin is correlated to the production of ____. The toxin is ____-stable & will tolerate boiling for 30 minutes

Back 15

COAGULASES - HEAT

Front 16

Any food produced in advance is subject to a staph infection especially if previous cooking wiped out the ____

Back 16

COMPETITORS

Front 17

Staphylococcal intoxication. ____ is essential to good food hygiene

Back 17

Refrigeration

Front 18

Staphylococcal intoxication. Signs & symptoms include nausea, ____ & ____ within 1-6 hours after contaminated food is ingested

Back 18

VOMITING & DIARRHEA

Front 19

Staphylococcal intoxication. The toxin stimulates the ____ nerve triggering the brain's ____ ____ CENTER, diarrhea also occurs

Back 19

VAGUS - VOMITING REFLEX

Front 20

Staphylococcal intoxication. It is typically a __ hour bout with nil mortality

Back 20

24

Front 21

Staphylococcal intoxication. Treatment is ____ ____

Back 21

ORAL REHYDRATION

Front 22

Staphylococcal intoxication. Diagnosis is by the short ____ time & ____&____

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INCUBATION - signs & symptoms

Front 23

Staphylococcal intoxication. Isolation & lab growth is ____ (easy/difficult)

Back 23

easy

Front 24

Streptococcus is an ____ that grow in ____ & is common in your mouth, ____ tract & upper ____ system

Back 24

ANAEROBE - CHAINS - INTESTINAL - RESP

Front 25

Streptococcus. They cause diseases such as … (7)

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meningitis, pneumonia, sore throats, otitis media, endocarditis, puerperal fever, & dental caries

Front 26

Streptococcus. They are classified by their ability to produce ____ (alpha, beta & gamma) & cell wall antigenic carbohydrates designated ABC etc

Back 26

HEMOLYSINS

Front 27

Streptococcus. The Group A, ____ ____ streps are the most important group (usually known as Streptococcus pyogenes) which can be further subdivided into over 80 immunological types of M protein (found outside the wall in only some strains)

Back 27

beta hemolytic

Front 28

Streptococcus. They are notorious for producing many ____ & ____ which promote the rapid spread of infection & destruction of ____ eg CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Back 28

ENZYMES & TOXINS - TISSUE

Front 29

Streptococcus. If muscle is affected it is known as ____ ____ unfortunately the immune system causes much of the damage

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NECROTIZING FASCIITIS

Front 30

S. pyogenes like S. aureus can cause a superficial skin infection called ____ which is common in young children

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IMPETIGO

Front 31

Impetigo. The skin is covered with ____ pustules

Back 31

encrusted

Front 32

If S. pyogenes infects the uterus & ABDOMINAL cavity after childbirth or abortion then septicemica can result producing ____ fever

Back 32

PUERPERAL

Front 33

Streptococcus. Treatment is with ____ & ____

Back 33

PENICILLIN & ERYTHROMYCIN

Front 34

The signs & symptoms of strep throat are intense inflammation of the throat ____ membranes, mild ____ & ____

Back 34

MUCUS - FEVER & MALAISE

Front 35

Strep throat. It can also cause inner ear infections, ____, ____ gland infections & skin infections

Back 35

TONSILITIS - MAMMARY

Front 36

Strep throat. Half of all sore throats are caused by this organism, the other half by ____

Back 36

VIRUSES

Front 37

Strep throat. Immunity to one strep throat serotype does not confer ____ to others

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IMMUNITY

Front 38

Strep throat. As with S. pneumoniae it can become ____ spreading to the ear, bones & occasionally to the heart where ____, ____, ____ may result & the heart ____ become permanently damaged

Back 38

SYSTEMIC - ENDOCARDITIS, MYOCARDITIS, PERICARDITIS - VALVES

Front 39

Strep throat. One strain of the pathogen carries a ____ virus which codes for an exotoxin leading to ____ ____

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TEMPERATE - SCARLET FEVER

Front 40

Scarlet fever. The signs include a pink-red rash, a spotted ____ enlarged tongue, damage to small blood vessels & fever

Back 40

STRAWBERRY

Front 41

A form of autoimmune disease which is triggered by the antigens of some strains of this pathogen is called ____ ____

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RHEUMATIC FEVER

Front 42

Rheumatic fever. The body starts to attack host tissue in addition to the bacterium causing ____, ____ & ____

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SWELLING, PAIN & FEVER

Front 43

Immunogenetics play an important role in this disease

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RHEUMATIC FEVER

Front 44

Rheumatic fever. Tissues that are extremely vulnerable to this attack include the ____ & the ____ (visible nodules appear

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HEART - JOINTS

Front 45

Rheumatic fever. in addition antigen-antibody complexes can settle at the ____ causing damage

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KIDNEY

Front 46

Rheumatic fever. Damage is not permanent to the ____ but may be to the ____

Back 46

joints - heart

Front 47

S. pneumoniae is an Ct hemolytic, highly ____ diplococcus which allows it to resist ____

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ENCAPSULATED - PHAGOCYTOSIS

Front 48

S. pneumoniae. It is responsible for a large number of ____ lung infections

Back 48

secondary

Front 49

S. pneumoniae. Signs & symptoms include fever & impairment of lung function (difficulty ____ & chest ____ which are due to the strong ____ response, accumulation of dead ____ & fluid including blood (bloody SPUTUM)

Back 49

BREATHING - PAIN - INFLAMMATORY - CELLS

Front 50

Systemic S. pneumoniae is similar to ____

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S. pyogenes

Front 51

S. pneumoniae. Diagnosis for both streps is by ____ ____ or IF-AB antibody staining from throat swabs or sputum & throat culture

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LATEX AGGLUTINATION

Front 52

S. pneumoniae. Treatment for both is ____ or ____

Back 52

PENICILLIN or ERYTHROMYCIN