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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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plasma B cells secrete ____ into circulation
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antibodies
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in antibodies, immunoglobulins (Igs) are made of ____ & released by ____ ____
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protein - plasma B cells
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Igs bind specifically to an ____ on an ____
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epitope (antigenic determinants)- antigen
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epitopes are antigenic ____
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determinants
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Igs contain __ polypeptide chains held together by ____ ____
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4 - disulfide bonds
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Igs contain 2 heavy ____ (long/short) chains & 2 light ____ (long/short) chains
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long - short
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Igs have variable tips in which function as the ____ ____ sites
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antigen binding
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variable tips are very ____ to antigen
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specific
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stem region on Igs is called ____
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Fc region
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stems on Igs have a constant ____ & binds to ____ cells
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structure - our
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5 classes of antibodies (Igs)
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IgG - IgM - IgA - IgD - IgE
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3 differences between the 5 Ig classes
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stems - structure - size
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type of cell that produces IgGs
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memory cells
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IgGs make up __% of serum Ab
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80%
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only Ab that can cross placental barrier
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IgGs
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IgGs enhance ____, activate the ____ system, & neutralize ____
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phagocytosis - complement - toxins
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IgGs are massively produced in the ____ (1st/2nd) response
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2nd
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IgMs make up __% of serum Ab
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6%
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IgMs are ____ (monomers/dimers/pentamers) that have __ binding sites
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10
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IgMs are limited to ____ ____ because …
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blood vessels - too big to enter tissues
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IgMs are good at & ____ ____ & ____
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cross linking - activation
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IgMs activate ____ system
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complement
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IgMs are ____ (1st/2nd) Ab to appear in an infection
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1st
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IgMs are ____ -lived
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short
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high levels of IgMs indicate a ____ infection
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primary
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IgAs make up __% of serum Ab
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13%
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IgAs shape is mainly ____
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dimers
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IgAs protect ____ cells & prevents attachment of ____ & ____
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mucosal - bacteria - viruses
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IgAs are the only antibodies found in ____ ____
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breast milk
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IgDs make up __% of serum Ab
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1%
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IgDs are on the surface of ____ ____ ____
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B cell membranes
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function of IgDs
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unknown
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IgDs are thought to stimulate ____ ____ activation
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B-cellIgEs make up __% of serum Ab
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IgEs are larger than ____ in size
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IgGs
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IgEs bind to ____ cells & ____
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mast - basophils
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IgEs are common in ____ ____
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mucus membranes
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IgEs participate in ____ reactions, ____ response & protect the body against ____, ____, & ____
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allergic - inflammation - protozoans - worms - parasites
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Ig first to respond in to first exposure
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IgMs
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Ig second to respond in to first exposure
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IgGs
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Ig first to respond in to second exposure
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IgGs
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Ig that is massive & rapidly produced in the second exposure
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IgGs
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seropositive (seroconversion) is when some one has ____ to a ____
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antibodies - pathogen
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titer is the ____ of antibodies present
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quantity
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antibodies are affected by there ____
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function
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4 functions of antibodies
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agglutination - neutralization - complement - fixation/lysis
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