Microbiology U3.13 Ch 9 - Intermicrobial Exchange

Front 1

3 types of intermicrobial exchange

Back 1

conjugation - transformation - transduction

Front 2

in intermicrobial exchange, conjugation requires the attachment 2 related ____ & formation of a ____ that can transport

Back 2

species - bridge

Front 3

in intermicrobial exchange, tranformation is the transfer of ____

Back 3

DNA

Front 4

in transduction of intermicrobial exchange, DNA transfer is mediated by a ____

Back 4

bacteriophage

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conjugation is the transfer of

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F-plasmids

Front 6

conjugation step 1 of 4 - donor contacts recipient & attaches using ____ ____

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sex pili

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conjugation step 2 of 4 - F-factor initiates transfer of a copy of ____

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F-plasmid

Front 8

conjugation step 3 of 4 - recipient is converted to a new ____ cell

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F+

Front 9

conjugation step 4 of 4 - recipient cell is called ____

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recombinant

Front 10

during conjugational mechanism, ____ ____ ____ cells can transfer chromosomal genes

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high frequency recombination (HFR)

Front 11

during conjugational mechanism, sometimes the F-factor will integrate into the ____ of the donor

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chromosome

Front 12

in conjugational mechanism, the recipient can receive new ____ genes from a related ____ ____

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chromosomal - HFR cell

Front 13

3 importance's of plasmids: provides ____ advantage, enhances ____, & is ____ resistant

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selective - pathogenicity - antibiotic

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example of selective advantage importance: some ____ spp. have plasmid encoded enzymes to degrade petroleum allowing them to live in fuel tanks or fuel spills

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Pseudomonas

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example of enhancing pathogenicity importance: the E. coli strain causing infant or traveler's diarrhea carries plasmids for ____ production & ____ attachment

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toxin - bacterial

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example of antibiotic resistance importance: many antibiotic resistance genes are carried on plasmids which can be rapidly transferred to other bacteria, resulting in widespread ____ to antibiotics & strains that are resistant to multiple antibiotics such as ____-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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resistance - methicillin

Front 17

many antibiotic resistance genes are carried on ____which can be rapidly transferred to other bacteria

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plasmids

Front 18

resistance transfer factor (RTF) is associated with ____ & ____ resistance

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conjugation - antibiotic

Front 19

bacterial transformation, step 1 of 3: donor DNA fragments binds to ____ on cell ____

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proteins - surface

Front 20

bacterial transformation, step 2 of 3: donor DNA fragment is transported into ____ ____ & becomes single-____

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host cell - stranded

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bacterial transformation, step 3 of 3: single stranded donor ____ fragment is incorporated in host ____

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DNA - chromosome

Front 22

in bacterial transformation, unsuccessful transformation will lead to ____ of doner ____ fragment

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degradation - DNA

Front 23

Griffith's experiments with the mouse is an example of bacterial ____

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transformation

Front 24

in bacteriophage infections, a ____ injects viral ____ into bacterial cell

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virus or bacteriophage - DNA

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transduction step 1 of 5, phage injects ____ into ____ cell

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DNA - bacterial

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transduction step 2 of 5, bacterial DNA is fragmented as ____ replicates

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phage

Front 27

transduction step 3 of 5, fragment of bacterial DNA is incorporated into phage ____

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head

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transduction step 3 of 5, bacterial cell is ____ & a new phage is released

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lysed

Front 29

transduction step 4 of 5, phage containing bacterial DNA infects ____ ____

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new cell

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transduction step 5 of 5, genes from first bacterial host are incorporated into ____ of new host

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chromosome

Front 31

in specialized transduction, host cell chromosome acquires both phage ____ & ____ from previous host

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DNA - genes

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transposons, AKA ____, is DNA segments that shift from 1 part of the ____ to another

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"jumping gene" - genome

Front 33

intermicrobial transfer of plasmids containing resistance genes or __ factors, occurs by ____, ____, & ____

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R - conjugation - transformation - transduction

Front 34

conjugation, transformation, & transduction is involved with antimicrobial ____

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resistance