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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Micro Trigger words
Bacillus anthracis |
Sheep
Goat fur spore Bioterrior Wool-sorters' disease |
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Bacillus cereus |
Rice
Preformed toxin Heat-stable toxin - vomiting Heat-liable toxin - diarrhea |
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Bordetella pertussis |
Bordet-Gengou agar
Whooping cough DPT vaccine |
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Campylobacter jejeuni |
Bloody diarrhea
Undercooked poultry Thin, curved gram negative |
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Chlamydia |
STD
UTI PID LGV Trachoma Iodine stain Intracellular inclusion bodies Elementary bodies Reticulate bodies |
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Clostridium perfringens |
Boxcar-shaped
Double zone of hemolysis Lecithinase Toxins Gas gangrene Diarrhea |
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Clostridium botulinum |
Botulism
Floppy baby Honey Sepores Food-borne |
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Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
Pseudomembrane
DPT vaccine A-B toxin Schick test |
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Escherichia coli |
Diarrhea
Neonatal meningitis EIEC EHEC ETEC EAEC EPEC Latose positive O157:H7 UTI |
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Klebsiella pneumoniae |
Currant jelly (blood) sputum
Pneumonia Aspiration Capsule |
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Actinomyces |
Sulfur granules
Anaerobic Filamentous |
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Francisella tularensis |
Intracellular
Rabbit Ulcer Tularemia |
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Brucella |
Undulant fever
Unpasteurized milk & cheese Intracellular growth Goats & sheep |
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Bacteroides fragilis |
Foul-smelling
Mixed infection Abscess |
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Haemophilus |
X & Y factors
Hib Capsule Meningitis |
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Helicobacyer pylori |
Gastric or duodenal ulcer
Urease Urease breath test |
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Legionella pneumophila |
Air-conditioning coolant
Shower & other lukewarm water sources Charcoal yeast agar(BCYE agar) Silver stain |
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Listeria |
Meningitis
Intracellular growth Baby Cold enrichment Milk products Motility Undercooked meat |
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Mycoplasma |
Walking pneumonia
No cell wall |
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Neisseria meningitidis |
Gram-negative diplococci in CSF,
Meningitis Lipooligosaccharide Endotoxin Septic shock Petechiae Purpura Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, |
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
Gram-negative diplococci
Urethritis STD Thayer-Martin medium Chocolate agar |
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Mycobacterium leprae |
Nerve damage
Lepromatous leprosy-Th2 Tuberculoid leprosy-Th1 |
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
Mantoux reaction
PPD Acid-fast Granuloma Caseation Opportunistic disease Ghon complexes Isoniazid |
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
Nosocomial infection
Cystic fibrosis Opportunistic Antibiotic resistant Fruity smell Burn patient |
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Rickettsia |
Tick
Southeastern Atlantic & South central states Weil-Felix reaction Obligate intracellular growth |
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Staphylococcus aureus |
Grapelike clusters
Coagulase Catalase Toxins MRSA |
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Salmonella |
Dairy foods
Motile Raw eggs & chicken Nonlactose fermenter Nonbloody diarrhea |
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Shigella |
Watery, bloody diarrhea
Gram-negative bacillus Lactose negative No hydrogen sulfide Shiga toxin |
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Streptococcus pneumoniae |
Gram-positive diplos
Capsule P disk (optichin) sensitive Polysaccharide vaccine |
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Streptococcus pyogenes |
B-Hemolysis
Streptolysin O & S A disk(groupA)-bacitracin sensitivity Gram-positive cocci in chains |
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Enterococcus |
Entero-feces-gutbug
Nosocomial Antibiotic resistant |
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Treponema pallidum |
Syphilis
FTA-ABS Painless chancre Spirochete Gumma Unculturable VDRL test STD |
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Borrelia burgdorferi |
Erythema chronicum migrans
Deer tick High grass Lyme disease |
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Vibrio cholerae |
Comma (S) shaped
Rice-water diarrhea Shellfish A-B toxin |
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Adenovirus |
Conjunctivitis
Pharyngitis Dense basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies Diarrhea in infant Infectious genome Icosadeltahedral capsid with fibers Poorly chlorinated swim pools |
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Bunyaviruses |
California encephalitis viruses:Culex mosquito, arborbirus, woods, LaCrosse virus, encephalitis, meningitis
Hataviruses: hemorrhagic, petechiae, ecchymosis, bleeding tissues, rodent feces & urine |
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Arenaviruses |
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus:rodents, flu-like symptoms, slums, ribavirin
Lhassa fever: hemorrhagic, rodents |
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Coronaviruses |
Common cold
SARS Fecal-oral & respiratory spread |
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Herpes simplex virus |
Enveloped, large, DNA, Cowdry type A inclusion bodies, neurotropic, Tzanck smear, multinucleated giant cells, stress-induced recurrence, encephalitis, destruction of temporal lobe, blindness, neonatal
HSV |
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Cytomegalovirus |
Large owl's eye nuclear inclusion body
Swollen (megalo) cells Opportunistic desease Mononucleosis-like syndrome Congenital CMV Intracerbral calcifications Microcephaly |
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Epstein-Barr virus |
Mononucleosis, fatigue, pharyngitis, heterophile antibody, atypical lymphocytes, rash, monospot test, ampicillin-induced rash
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Varicella-zoster virus |
Crops of vesicular lesions
All stages of lesions at once Vesicles, latency Multinucleated giant cells (syncytia) Cowdry type A nuclear inclusion bodies Neurotropic Thymidine kinase Shingles Chicken pos |
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Hepatitis A |
Fecal-oral spread
Acute, sudden-onset hepatitis Day care center Food-borne Shellfish Picornavirus |
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Hepatitis E |
Fecal-oral spread
Acute, sudden-onset hepatitis Pregnant women Norovirus |
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Hepatitis B |
Serum hepatitis
Chronic Dane particle insidious onset HbsAg, hepadnavirus |
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Hepatitis C |
Non-A
non-B hepatitis chronic flavivirus |
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Hepatitis D |
Fulminant hepatitis
HBV helper virus |
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HIV |
AIDS
CD4 Chemokine coreceptor Opportunistic diseases: PCP, Kaposi's sarcoma, C. albicans thrush, cytomegalovirus retinitis, pneumonitis, reverse transcriptase |
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HTLV |
Leukemia
flower cell CD4 T cell reverse transcriptase |
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Parainfluenza virus |
Croup
Barking seal pneumonia syncytia paramyxovirus |
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Respiratory syncytial virus |
Infant
Bronchiolitis Paramyxovirus |
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Measles |
Koplik's spots(blue-gray spots in mouth)
3C's + photophobia, High fever Rash Paramyxovirus |
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Mumps |
Parotitis: chipmunk cheeks
Orchitis Pancreatitis & aseptic meningitis or encephalitis(5%) Paramyxovirus |
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Norovirus |
Outbreaks of diarrheal disease
Nausea Watery diarrhea & vomiting Schools Cruise Ships |
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Orthomyxovirus |
Influenza
Segmented genome=reassortment Hemagglutinin & neuraminidase Antigenic drift(minor mutations) (outbreak/epidemic) vs shif (reassortment=pandemic) |
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Papillomavirus |
Warts
Koilocytes CIN Cervical cancer STD |
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Polymaviruses |
JC
demyelination abnormal oligodendrocytes opportunistic disease PML |
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Parvovirus B19 |
Fifth disease
Slapped cheeks Lacy pattern rash Anemia |
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Coxsackie & ECHO viruses |
Fecal-oral
Vesicular lesions Coxsackie B for body Picornavirus |
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Poliovirus |
Asymmetrical flaccid paralysis
Major disease Minor disease Fecal-oral Picornavirus |
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Rhinovirus |
Runny nose
many serotypes heat & pH labile picornavirus |
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Poxviruses |
Large, brick-shaped virus
Replicates in cytoplasm Vesicular lesion Zoonasis Molluscum contagiosum: skin-colored papules Smallpox:synchronized crop of vesicular lesions (smallpox), vaccinia vaccine |
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Prions |
Spongiform encephalopathy
CJD vCJD beef no imflammation presenile dementia shakes resistant to inactivation |
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Rabies |
Dog bite
Bats Aerosol Hydrophobia Coma Salivation Negri bodies Rhabdovirus |
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Rotavirus |
Watery diarrhea in young child
Double capsid & double-stranded segmented RNA (remember:double-double) |
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Rubella |
Rash
vaccine congenital disease arthritis teratogen cararacts togavirus |
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Togavirus |
Arbovirus
Encephalitis viruses: mosquito, seasonal encephalitis, swamp Hemorrhagic viruses: blood everywhere, petechiae |
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Flavivirus |
Arbovirus
Encephalitis viruses: mosquito, seasonal encephalitis, swamp Hemorrhagic viruses: blood everywhere, petechiae |
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Aspergillus |
"Fungus ball"
Septate branching hyphae Fruiting bodies Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (allergic alveolitis) Angioinvasive Malt (grain) workers |
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Black piedra |
Black nodules along hair shaft ascospores
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White piedra |
Sleeve or collar around the hari shaft
Found on mustache, beard & scalp |
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Blastomyces dermatitidis |
Mississippi River Valley
broad-based budding yeast Healty & immunocompromised Granuloma |
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Candida albicans |
White, curdlike, adhesive plaques that bleed when removed for culture
"Cobblestones" Prolonged use of anitbiotics Immunocompromised:AIDS, diabetic people, transplant patients, chemotherapy patients, babies Vaginal yeast Thrush |
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Chromoblastosis |
Dematiaceous (brown or black, melanin-producing) sclerotic bodies, skin disease
Cauliflower-like verrucous (warty) nodules |
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Eumycotic mycetoma |
Dematiaceous fungus
Many draining sinus tracts "Grains" of microcolonies in the deep layer of skin Localized infection |
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Coccidioides immitis |
San Joaquin River Valley
American deserts Spherules Skin test for antigen exposure |
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Cryptococcus neoformans |
Pigeon droppings
Capsule India ink preparations Capsular antigens AIDS patients Meningitis The crypt of Cryptococcus is the capsule that houses the round yeast (coccus) |
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Histoplasma cpsulatum |
Ohio & Mississippi River Valleys
Lung & speen Granulomas Yeasts inside macrophages Bird & bat droppings "Cincinnati spleen" |
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Pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii) |
Pneumocystic
Diffuse interstitial pneumonia Gomori silver stain AIDS patient/IV drug abuser Fluffy, foamy alveolar exudate Cup-shaped (flying saucer) Ground glass appearance in x-ray Organisms in lavage lung |
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Pityriasis versicolor |
Hypopigmented/hyperpigmented patches
"Spaghetti & meatballs" KOH preparation |
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Rhizopus & Mucor |
Acidotac diabetic
Paranasal sinus & ocular orbit involvement Coenocytic (aseptate) hyphae Black nasal discharge Bread mold |
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Sporothrix schenckii |
Roses
Thorn prick Splinter Gardener |
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Tineas |
Keratin
Circular, scaling lesion with central clearing & hair loss Discoloring Crumbling nails Azoles |
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Schistosoma |
Snails
Injection Fluke Mansoni (spine on egg) |
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Taenia solium |
Undercooked pig
Tapeworm Cysticercosis |
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Echinococcus granulosis (dog tapeworm) |
Dog
Hydatid cyst Tapeworm |
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Diphyllobothrium latum (fish tapeworm) |
Raw fish
Tapeworm Vitamin B12 deficiency |
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Plasmodium |
Malaria
Paroxysms of fever & chills Ring form Cyclic disease Anopheles mosquito |
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Giardia |
Old man looking over his shoulder (troph)
Contaminated creek water Foul-smelling diarrhea |
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Cryptosporidium |
Immune suppression
Water supply |
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Entamoeba histolytica |
Amebic dysentery
Cyst with 1-4 nuclei |
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Trichomonas |
STD
Hanging drop test for motility Flagella |
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Toxoplasma |
Cats
TORCH (toxophasma, other, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes) Mononucleosis-like syndrome |
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Leishmania |
Sandflies
Blackening of skin Trip to Asia or South America |
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Trypanosomes |
Tsetse fly
Sleeping sickness Trip to Asia or South America |
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Enterobius vermicularis |
Pinworm
Scotch tape test Anal itching |
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Ascaris lumbricoides |
Roundworm
Pearl-white worm |
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Trichinella spiralis |
Hunter
Meat Pig Splinter hemorrhages Eosinophilia |
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Necator americanus |
Hookworm
Pneumonitis Anemia |
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Strongyloides stercoralis |
Threadworm
Pneumonitis Dermatitis |
