Microbiology: Therapy

Front 1

Explain Selective Toxicity as a desirable property of antimicrobial agents

Back 1

harms the microorganism without harming or damaginf the host

Front 2

T/F when the MOA of an antimicrobial agent is to attack the cell wall, they are ONLY active on growning cells and must be BacteriCIDAL

Back 2

True

Front 3

Regarding Penicillin the _________ dictates spectrum of activity and susceptibility to B-lactamase enzymes

Back 3

Side Chain

Front 4

All Penicillins contain a thiazolidine ring and a ______ ring with a different side chain

Back 4

B lactam

Front 5

Which Penicillin may be taken orally?

Back 5

Pen V

Front 6

Which penicillin is degraded by stomach acid?

Back 6

Pen G

Front 7

T/F: B-lactamas resistant penicillins are resistant to the B-lactamase of Streptococcus

Back 7

F: Staphylococcus

Front 8

Explain Broad Spectrum Penicillins (aminopenicillins)

Back 8

Sinsitive to B-lactamase, but more effective on Gram-Negative bacteria. Ex Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Carbenicillin

Front 9

What are Penicillins MOA?

Back 9

effect cell wall synthesis (crosslink peptidoglycan polymers)

Front 10

Give 2 examples of Extended spectrum penicillins (anti-psudomonal) and what they are more effective against

Back 10

Mezlocillin and piperacillin

more effective against Gram (-) rods

Front 11

These B-Lactams are active against almost everything and very low concentrations required

Back 11

Carbepenems/Carboxypenems

Front 12

This Monobactam is effective against enteric bacteria and can be used as an alternatice for penicillin allergies

Back 12

Aztreonam

Front 13

These antibiotics have little antimicrobial activity and must be combined with B-lactam antibiotics

Back 13

B-lactamase Inhibitors

ex. Clavulanic Acid and Tazobactam

Front 14

This is a bactericidal used topically whose MOA is to prevent the transport of peptidoglycan precursores (NAM & NAG) across cytoplasmic membranes

Back 14

Bacitracin

Front 15

Polymyxin clinically most useful compound is ______

Back 15

colistin

Front 16

The MOA of this agent it s Act on the enzymes responsible for uncoiling DNA for replication (DNA gyrase)

Back 16

Quinolones

Front 17

T/F: Floroquinolones have greater activity, broader spectrum & higher potency than Quinolones

Back 17

True

Front 18

This drug inhibits the initiation of Transcription by acting on the bacterial RNA polymerase enzyme.

(it also turns sweat and tears orange)

Back 18

Rifampin

Front 19

Humans and animals have __S ribosomes

Back 19

80S

Front 20

Which 3 antibiotics inhibit the 50S subunit?

Back 20

Cloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Erythromycin
(CLEan)

Front 21

which 2 antibiotics inhibit the 30S subunit?

Back 21

Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides
(TAG)

Front 22

This agent effects proteins synthesis by preventing the formation of the peptide bond between amino acids

Back 22

Chloramphenicol

Front 23

This Agent affects protein synthesis by preventing the movement alonf the mRNA so the ribosome cannot advance to the next codon

Back 23

Clindamycin

Front 24

Macrolides prevent movement of the ribosome along the mRNA (like Clindamycin). It is used for treating which two infections?

Back 24

Mycoplasma and Chlamydophila

Front 25

This antibiotic is safe to use during pregnancy

Back 25

Reythromycin

Front 26

This macrolide is effective against many respiratory tract and middle ear pathogens

Back 26

Azythromycin

Front 27

Which agent affects protein synthesis by binding to the 50S subunit to prevent the formation of a functional 70S complex?

Back 27

Oxazolidinones

ex: Linezolid

Front 28

T/F: Oxazolidinones are effective against MRSA, MDRSP and VRE

Back 28

TRUE

Front 29

Mycoplasma and Chlamydophila infections can be treated with which 2 agents?

Back 29

Tetracyclines and Macrolides

Front 30

This agent changes the shape of the 30S subunit causing misreading of the codons

Back 30

Aminoglycosides

Front 31

Name 3 metabolic antagonists.

*note* Metobolic antagonists are only effective when differences exist between metabolic pathways of host and pathogen

Back 31

sulfonamides, Trimethorprim, Isoniazid

Front 32

T/F: Trimethoprim and sulfonamides are often given in conjuction to provide a synergistic effect

Back 32

true

Front 33

This form of immunity gives ANTIBODIES and is Rapid and Temporary

Back 33

Passive Immunity

Hint 33

RED

Front 34

Give an example of an Artificial Passive Immunity and Natural Passive Immunity

Back 34

Artificial: Antibodies recieded from immune individuals.

Natural: mother to infant

Hint 34

RED

Front 35

This form of immunity gives ANTIGENS and is slow and long-term

Back 35

Active immmunity

Hint 35

RED

Front 36

This kind of active Immunity involves contact with the antigen due to infection

Back 36

Natural

Hint 36

RED

Front 37

Vaccination is an example of this type of Immunity

Back 37

Artifical Active Immunity

Hint 37

RED

Front 38

Name two examples of Vaccines that are Live attenuated

Back 38

TB and typhoid fever

Hint 38

RED

Front 39

T/F: You may give a live attenuated vaccine to an infant as long as its >6mo.

Back 39

FALSE!

must be ONE year old

Front 40

besides infants, who can you NOT give Live attenuated vaccines to?

Back 40

Immunocompromised people

Front 41

What are the four types of Inactivated Vaccines?

Back 41

Killed whole cell
Fractional- protein
Fractional- polysaccharide
Recombinant

Front 42

What are two examples of a killed whole cell Inactivated Vaccine?

Back 42

Cholera Vaccine
Plague Vaccine (Yersinia pestis)

Hint 42

RED

Front 43

What is an example of a Fractional-protein Inactivated Vaccine?

Back 43

Acellular Pertussis Vaccine

Hint 43

RED

Front 44

What is an example of a Toxoid Fractional- protein

Back 44

Tetanus and Diphtheria

Hint 44

RED

Front 45

This form of Fractional-polysaccharide links a non-immunogenic portion of the pathogen to an unrelated protein to make it more immunogenic.

Name examples

Back 45

Conjugate

Neningicoccal neningitis, Hib, polyvalent Streptococcal pneumonia

Hint 45

RED

Front 46

T/F: Usually Conjugate Fractional-polysaccharides are capsular polysaccharides

Back 46

TRUE

Hint 46

RED

Front 47

This Fractional- polysaccharide is purified and injected.

Name some examples

Back 47

Pure

Heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine, Typhoid fever, meningicoccal vaccine

Hint 47

RED

Front 48

B-lactamase sensitive

Back 48

aminopenicillins

Front 49

B-lactamase resistant

Back 49

Cephalosporins